Table 1.
Descriptive baseline values of the exposure groups in primigravida women who were continent before pregnancy
|
Mode of delivery |
Continence status in week 30 |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Caesarean section (n= 1815) | Vaginal delivery (n= 10 864) | Urinary continent during pregnancy (n= 7561) | Urinary incontinent during pregnancy (n= 5102) | |||||
| Characteristics of mother | ||||||||
| Urinary incontinence during pregnancy | 691 | 38% | 4411 | 41% | NA | NA | 5102 | 100% |
| Urinary continence during pregnancy | 1120 | 62% | 6441 | 59% | 7561 | 100% | NA | NA |
| Age (years)* | 28.9 | 4.3 | 27.9 | 4.5 | 27.9 | 4.2 | 28.2 | 4.4 |
| BMI (kg/m2)* | 25.4 | 4.7 | 23.9 | 4.1 | 23.9 | 4.1 | 24.4 | 4.4 |
| Characteristic of the neonatals | ||||||||
| Gender (% boys) | 1001 | 55% | 5307 | 50% | 3713 | 49% | 2588 | 51% |
| Head circumference (cm)* | 35.4 | 2.1 | 35.1 | 1.7 | 35.2 | 1.8 | 35.1 | 1.6 |
| Weight (g)* | 3500 | 782 | 3532 | 494 | 3528 | 546 | 3525 | 545 |
| Apgar 1 minute* | 8.4 | 1.6 | 8.6 | 1.2 | 8.6 | 1.3 | 8.6 | 1.2 |
| Apgar 5 minutes* | 9.2 | 1.1 | 9.4 | 0.8 | 9.3 | 0.9 | 9.4 | 0.8 |
| Mode of delivery | ||||||||
| Elective CS | 355 | 20% | NA | NA | 227 | 3% | 128 | 3% |
| Acute CS intended as elective CS | 45 | 3% | NA | NA | 31 | 0% | 14 | 0% |
| Acute CS intended as SVD | 1348 | 74% | NA | NA | 824 | 1 | 521 | 10% |
| Unspecified CS | 67 | 4% | NA | NA | 38 | 1% | 28 | 1% |
| SVD | NA | NA | 8908 | 82% | 5219 | 69% | 3677 | 72% |
| Forceps | NA | NA | 309 | 3% | 189 | 2% | 120 | 2% |
| Vacuum | NA | NA | 1647 | 15% | 1033 | 14% | 614 | 12% |
| Fetal presentation | ||||||||
| Normal occipital | 1160 | 64% | 9928 | 94% | 6609 | 90% | 4466 | 89% |
| Breech | 414 | 23% | 204 | 2% | 354 | 5% | 263 | 5% |
| Transverse | 7 | 0% | 2 | 0% | 5 | 0% | 4 | 0% |
| Abnormal fetal head presentation | 210 | 12% | 390 | 4% | 363 | 5% | 235 | 5% |
| Other | 23 | 1% | 57 | 1% | 50 | 1% | 30 | 1% |
| Duration* | ||||||||
| Duration of birth (minutes) | 1258 | 653 | 1206 | 687 | 1203 | 687 | 1231 | 673 |
| Rupture | ||||||||
| Rupture grade 3–4 | NA | NA | 833 | 8% | 483 | 6% | 351 | 7% |
| Induction | ||||||||
| Amniotomy | 87 | 5% | 301 | 3% | 227 | 3% | 160 | 3% |
| Oxytocin | 112 | 6% | 387 | 4% | 268 | 4% | 230 | 5% |
| Prostaglandines | 285 | 16% | 795 | 7% | 623 | 8% | 456 | 9% |
| Type of incontinence 6 months postpartum | ||||||||
| Stress incontinence | 112 | 6% | 1616 | 15% | 651 | 9% | 1074 | 21% |
| Urge incontinence | 90 | 5% | 859 | 8% | 471 | 6% | 475 | 9% |
| Mixed incontinence | 79 | 4% | 1235 | 11% | 440 | 6% | 872 | 17% |
| Severity of incontinence 6 months postpartum | ||||||||
| Severe urinary incontinence | 27 | 1% | 331 | 3% | 118 | 2% | 239 | 5% |
NA, not applicable.
Data are given by two exposure variables: mode of delivery and continence status in week 30. All data are given as number and proportion unless otherwise stated. Women with missing data were excluded in analyses of continence status in week 30.
*
Data are presented as mean and SD.