Expression of genes for thymidine de novo biosynthesis in recombinant E. coli strains. (A) Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis of overexpressing proteins. M, molecular-weight size marker; lane 1, BLdtu; lane 2, BLdtu1; lane 3, BLdtu2; lane 4, BLdtu23; lane 5, BLdtu24; lane 6, Bldtu24 (dut). T4 NrdA, T4 nucleotide diphosphate reductase subunit α; T4 NrdB, T4 nucleotide diphosphate reductase subunit β; T4 TDΔI, T4 thymidylate synthase (intron deleted); PBS2 TMPase, PBS2 TMP phosphohydrolase; Udk, E. coli uridine kinase; Dcd, E. coli dCTP deaminase; Dut, E. coli deoxyribonucleotide triphosphatase. (B) RT-PCR analysis of mRNA transcription. M, size marker; lane 1, BLdtu; lane 2, BLdtu2; lane 3, BLdtu24; lane 4, BLdtu24 (dut).