Table 4.
Major causes of maternal mortality using data from two different sources: Nairobi Urban Health Demographic Surveillance System, (2003–05) and health care facility survey, 2006
| Causes of maternal deaths from verbal autopsies in the surveillance area, 2003–2005 | Causes of maternal deaths that occurred between 2004 and 2005. Health Care Facility Survey 2006, |
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| Direct maternal causes | Number | Percentage (%) | Direct maternal causes | Number | Percentage (%) |
| Abortion related | 9 | 31.0 | Abortion related | 23 | 7.3 |
| Ante/post partum hemorrhage | 4 | 13.8 | Ante/postpartum hemorrhage | 33 | 10.4 |
| Postpartum sepsis | 3 | 10.3 | Postpartum sepsis | 43 | 13.6 |
| Eclampsia | 2 | 6.9 | Eclampsia | 75 | 23.7 |
| Ruptured uterus | 1 | 3.5 | Ruptured uterus | 13 | 4.1 |
| Retained placenta | 10 | 3.2 | |||
| Prolonged labor | 5 | 1.6 | |||
| Ectopic pregnancy | 3 | 0.9 | |||
| Other direct | 4 | 1.3 | |||
| Indirect maternal causes | Indirect maternal causes | ||||
| HIV/AIDS/TB | 4 | 13.8 | TB/HIV/AIDS | 9 | 2.8 |
| Anemia | 2 | 6.9 | Anemia | 39 | 12.3 |
| Other indirect maternal causes | 4 | 13.8 | Other indirect maternal causes | 32 | 10.1 |
| Malaria | 27 | 8.5 | |||
| Total | 29 | 100.0 | Total | 316 | 100.0 |