Table I.
List of genes involved in starch biosynthesis
cTP, Chloroplast transit peptide; n.d., signal peptide was not possible to determine because of the partial length of the corresponding nucleotide sequence available.
| Enzyme | Gene | Reference EST (Full Length or Partial) | Length of the Signal Peptide, Amino Acids (Probability) | Highest BLAST Hit (Percentage Identity) | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ADP-Glc pyrophosphorylase (EC 2.7.7.27) | |||||
| Small subunit | AGP-S1a | HB16K13 (full) | No | CAA88449 (100%) | Thorbjørnsen et al. (1996) |
| AGP-S1b | HI02B12 (full) | 64 cTP (0.944) | CAA88450 (99.4%) | Thorbjørnsen et al. (1996) | |
| AGP-S2 | HW03I05 (partial) | 32 cTP (0.866) | AAO16183 (99.2%) | Johnson et al. (2003) | |
| Large subunit | AGP-L1 | HY04M18 (full) | 43 cTP (0.854) | CAA47626 (100%) | Villand et al. (1992) |
| AGP-L2 | HX03I15 (full) | 91 cTP (0.307) | AAC49729 (98.8%) | Eimert et al. (1997) | |
| Starch synthase (EC 2.4.1.21) | SSI | HV04E12 (partial) | 31 cTP (0.864) | AAF37876 (100%) | Gubler et al. (2000) |
| SSIIa | HB02N20 (partial) | n.d. | AAN28307 (100%) | Li et al. (2003) | |
| SSIIb | HT03C10 (partial) | n.d. | AAN28307 (71.6%) | Morell et al. (2003) | |
| SSIIIa | HB14E10 (partial) | n.d. | AAF87999 (91.8%) | Li et al. (2000) | |
| SSIIIb | HB14B08 (partial) | n.d. | AAL40942 (91.0%) | Dian et al. (2005) | |
| SSIV | HF05C15 (partial) | n.d. | AAK97773 (97.4%) | ||
| Granule-bound starch synthase (EC 2.4.1.21) | GBSS1a | HY10D16 (full) | 69 cTP (0.841) | AAM74051 (99.8%) | Patron et al. (2002) |
| GBSS1b | HI06O16 (partial) | n.d. | AAM74054 (98.1%) | Patron et al. (2002) | |
| Starch-branching enzyme (EC 2.4.1.18) | SBE1 | HB02A08 (partial) | n.d. | AAP72268 (96.8%) | Mutisya et al. (2003) |
| SBE2a | HZ64I18 (full) | 7 cTP (0.599) | AAC69753 (99.7%) | Sun et al. (1998) | |
| SBE2b | HB03H24 (partial) | n.d. | AAC69754 (100%) | Sun et al. (1998) | |
| Starch-debranching enzyme | |||||
| Isoamylase (EC 3.2.1.68) | ISA1 | HB05N18 (partial) | n.d. | AAM46866 (99.2%) | Burton et al. (2002a) |
| ISA2 | HI05I24 (full) | 49 cTP (0.888) | BAD08581 (100%) | ||
| ISA3 | HM13A11 (partial) | n.d. | BAD89532 (100%) | ||
| Limit dextrinase (EC 3.2.1.41) | PUL | HB26F24 (partial) | n.d. | AAD34348 (100%) | Burton et al. (1999) |