Table 5.

Copy number gain and loss of genes related to cell proliferation and apoptosis in tumor DNA related to tumor progression (Dukes C + D).

Copy number Change	Cytoband	Proliferation	Protein function	Apoptosis	Protein function
Gain	7p22.3	FTSJ2	Involved in cell cycle control
	7p15.2	HOXA1/3	May regulate gene expression and differentiation
	7p14.2			ELMO1	May function in apoptosis and in cell migration
	7p14.1	SFRP4	Regulates cell growth and differentiation
	7p14.1	CDC2L5	Regulate cell cycle	CDC2L5	Involved in apoptosis
	7p11.2	EGFR	Involved in control of cell growth and differentiation
	7q11.23	GTF2IRD1	May be involved in cell cycle progression
	7q11.23	PTPN12	Regulate cell growth, differentiation etc
	19p13.3	HMG20B	Required for progression through G2 phase and entry into mitosis
	19p13.2	ARHGEF18	Involved in gene transcription and cell growth
	19p13.2	TSPAN16	Involved in regulation of cell growth activation, development and motility
	19p13.2	PPAN	May have a role in cell growth
	19p13.2	EDG5	Participate in cell proliferation	EDG5	Suppress apoptosis when expressed in rat HTC4 hepatoma cells
	19p13.2	APG4	Proposed to play a role in unregulated cell growth linked to cancer
	19p13.13	PRDX2	May have a proliferative effect and play a role in cancer development
	19p13.12	NOTCH3	Affects implementation of differentiation and proliferation (by similarity)	NOTCH3	Affects implementation of apoptosis (by similarity)
	19p13.11	GDF15	Regulate differentiation and maintenance
	19p13.11			JUND	Protect cells from p53-dependent apoptosis and senescence
	20p13	SOX12	Potential role of differentiation and maintenance
	20p13	PTPRA	Implicated in regulation of proliferation
	20p13	CDC25B	Required for entry into mitosis. Has oncogenic properties
	20p13	ADRA1D	Activate mitogenic responses and regulate cell growth and proliferation
	20p12.3	MCM8	May have a role in control of cell proliferation
	20p11.23	RBBP9	May play a role in the regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation