. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Apr 30.

Published in final edited form as: Psychosom Med. 2008 Apr 23;70(4):444–449. doi: 10.1097/PSY.0b013e31816c3c5c

Table 3.

Cardiac Disease Severity in Patients With and Without Substantial Depressive Symptoms (PHQ Score ≥10 Versus <10)

	Unadjusted Mean (Standard Error) or Number (Proportion)			Age-Adjusted Mean (Standard Error) for Continuous Variables or Odds Ratio (95% CI) for Dichotomous Variables^a			Multivariable-Adjusted Mean (Standard Error) for Continuous Variables or Odds Ratio (95% CI) for Dichotomous Variables^a
Variable	PHQ ≥10 (n = 198)	PHQ <10 (n = 822)	p	PHQ ≥10 (n = 198)	PHQ <10 (n = 822)	p	PHQ ≥10 (n = 198)	PHQ <10 (n = 822)	p
Systolic dysfunction	32 (16%)	85 (10%)	.02	1.7 (1.1–2.7)		.02	1.7 (1.01–2.8)		.04
Diastolic dysfunction	41 (29%)	251 (38%)	.05	0.87 (0.57–1.3)		.50	0.81 (0.51–1.3)		.38
Inducible ischemia	41 (24%)	186 (24%)	.93	1.2 (0.82–1.8)		.33	1.1 (0.74–1.8)		.55
Wall motion score index	1.2 ± 0.03	1.2 ± 0.01	.15	1.2 ± 0.03	1.2 ± 0.01	.06	1.2 ± 0.03	1.1 ± 0.02	.08
Left ventricular ejection fraction	0.61 ± 0.007	0.62 ± 0.003	.07	0.60 ± 0.007	0.62 ± 0.003	.05	0.62 ± 0.008	0.63 ± 0.007	.18

Models evaluate association of PHQ symptoms of depression as predictor (independent) variable with cardiac function as outcome (dependent) variable. Age-adjusted mean adjusted for age only. Multivariable-adjusted mean adjusted for age, sex, marital status, diabetes, revascularization, smoking, body mass index, physical activity, antidepressant use, statin use, and creatinine clearance.

PHQ = Patient Health Questionnaire; CI = confidence interval.