Table 3.
Attainment of various standards by area-level social deprivation among White patients
| Logistic Regression models,a Odds ratio (95% CI)
|
|||
|---|---|---|---|
| Step 1 unadjusted | Step 2 + patient factorsb | Step 3 + center effect | |
| Hemoglobin ≥ 10 g/dl | |||
| Quintile 1 | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Quintile 2 | 0.88 (0.75 − 1.04) | 0.92 (0.78 − 1.08) | 0.92 (0.75 − 1.14) |
| Quintile 3 | 0.85 (0.72 − 1.00) | 0.90 (0.76 − 1.06) | 0.90 (0.78 − 1.05) |
| Quintile 4 | 0.79 (0.68 − 0.93) | 0.86 (0.73 − 1.02) | 0.88 (0.74 − 1.05) |
| Quintile 5 | 0.73 (0.62 − 0.86) | 0.82 (0.69 − 0.97) | 0.88 (0.72 − 1.08) |
| p value | 0.003 | 0.2 | 0.5 |
| p-trend | <0.0001 | 0.02 | 0.1 |
| URR > 65% | |||
| Quintile 1 | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Quintile 2 | 1.00 (0.85 − 1.19) | 1.02 (0.85 − 1.21) | 1.03 (0.85 − 1.26) |
| Quintile 3 | 0.95 (0.81 − 1.13) | 0.99 (0.83 − 1.17) | 1.00 (0.87 − 1.15) |
| Quintile 4 | 0.90 (0.76 − 1.06) | 0.94 (0.79 − 1.11) | 0.95 (0.80 − 1.12) |
| Quintile 5 | 0.93 (0.78 − 1.09) | 0.96 (0.81 − 1.14) | 0.90 (0.75 − 1.09) |
| p valuec | 0.6 | 0.8 | 0.7 |
| p-trend | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.2 |
| Phosphate < 5.6 mg/dl | |||
| Quintile 1 | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Quintile 2 | 1.02 (0.90 − 1.14) | 1.05 (0.93 − 1.19) | 1.07 (0.95 − 1.20) |
| Quintile 3 | 0.94 (0.83 − 1.06) | 1.00 (0.89 − 1.14) | 1.02 (0.91 − 1.14) |
| Quintile 4 | 0.87 (0.77 − 0.98) | 0.97 (0.86 − 1.10) | 0.96 (0.86 − 1.09) |
| Quintile 5 | 0.97 (0.86 − 1.10) | 1.15 (1.01 − 1.30) | 1.13 (1.01 − 1.28) |
| p valuec | 0.07 | 0.06 | 0.03 |
| p-trend | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
| Calcium 8.8 to 10.4 mg/dl | |||
| Quintile 1 | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Quintile 2 | 0.97 (0.85 − 1.11) | 0.98 (0.86 − 1.12) | 1.01 (0.90 − 1.13) |
| Quintile 3 | 1.00 (0.88 − 1.14) | 1.01 (0.88 − 1.16) | 1.05 (0.91 − 1.21) |
| Quintile 4 | 0.99 (0.87 − 1.13) | 1.00 (0.87 − 1.14) | 1.05 (0.95 − 1.15) |
| Quintile 5 | 1.07 (0.93 − 1.22) | 1.08 (0.94 − 1.24) | 1.16 (1.06 − 1.26) |
| p valuec | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.02 |
| p-trend | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.007 |
| CaPo4 < 55 mg2/dl2 | |||
| Quintile 1 | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Quintile 2 | 1.06 (0.94 − 1.20) | 1.10 (0.97 − 1.24) | 1.13 (0.98 − 1.28) |
| Quintile 3 | 1.01 (0.90 − 1.14) | 1.08 (0.95 − 1.22) | 1.09 (0.99 − 1.20) |
| Quintile 4 | 0.97 (0.86 − 1.09) | 1.07 (0.95 − 1.21) | 1.06 (0.95 − 1.18) |
| Quintile 5 | 1.07 ( 0.95 − 1.21) | 1.25 (1.10 − 1.42) | 1.25 (1.12 − 1.38) |
| p valuec | 0.4 | 0.01 | 0.0004 |
| p-trend | 0.8 | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| PTH < 300 pg/ml | |||
| Quintile 1 | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Quintile 2 | 1.07 (0.92 − 1.24) | 1.07 (0.92 − 1.24) | 1.04 (0.88 − 1.23) |
| Quintile 3 | 1.03 (0.89 − 1.20) | 1.02 (0.88 − 1.19) | 1.01 (0.89 − 1.25) |
| Quintile 4 | 1.05 (0.91 − 1.22) | 1.04 (0.89 − 1.21) | 1.03 (0.87 − 1.22) |
| Quintile 5 | 0.98 (0.84 − 1.14) | 0.99 (0.84 − 1.16) | 0.99 (0.87 − 1.14) |
| p valuec | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.9 |
| p-trend | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.9 |
a
Separate models were constructed for each of the standards. Covariates were sequentially added to the model from step 1 to step 3. Quintile 1 (least deprived); Quintile 5 (most deprived).
b
Covariates adjusted: age, sex, cause of end stage renal disease, year of start of RRT, RRT modality;
c
p values quoted are significance levels for heterogeneity.
RRT, renal replacement therapy; PTH, parathyroid hormone; URR, Urea reduction ratio; CaPo4, calcium phosphate product.