TABLE 1.
A comparison of the single-visit outpatient and admitted community-acquired pneumonia populations in risk classes IV and V
| Outpatients, n=319 | Inpatients, n=1935 | P | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex, n (%) | |||
| Male | 233 (17.6) | 1089 (82.4) | <0.001 |
| Female | 83 (8.9) | 846 (91.1) | |
| Total | 316 | 1935 | |
| Age, years* | 76.8±10.9 | 78.1±11.8 | 0.068 |
| Site, n (%) | |||
| A | 72 (10.2) | 636 (89.8) | <0.001 |
| B | 51 (10.8) | 421 (89.2) | |
| C | 44 (14.7) | 255 (85.3) | |
| D | 59 (15.7) | 317 (84.3) | |
| E | 15 (13.3) | 98 (86.7) | |
| F | 42 (16.8) | 208 (83.2) | |
| G | 36 (100.0) | ||
| Total | 319 | 1935 | |
| Smoking status, n (%) | |||
| Smoker | 38 (10.3) | 332 (89.7) | 0.007 |
| Nonsmoker | 32 (5.3) | 577 (94.7) | |
| Ex-smoker | 50 (6.2) | 755 (93.8) | |
| Total | 120 | 1664 | |
| Residence on admission, n (%) | |||
| Home | 294 (92.1) | 1385 (71.5) | <0.001 |
| Lodge/group home | 17 (7.9) | 235 (12.4) | |
| Subacute care facility | 0 | 14 (0.7) | |
| Continuing care facility | 0 | 275 (14.2) | |
| Shelter | 0 | 4 (0.2) | |
| Jail | 0 | 7 (0.35) | |
| Homeless | 0 | 7 (100.0) | |
| Total | 311 | 1927 | |
| Discharge destination, n (%) | |||
| Home with no assistance required | 275 (32.4) | 574 (67.6) | <0.001 |
| Home with home care | 44 (13.7) | 534 (92.4) | |
| Continuing care facility | 0 | 284 (100.0) | |
| Subacute | 0 | 90 (100.0) | |
| Rehabilation facility | 0 | 28 (100.0) | |
| Geriatric facility | 0 | 21 (100.0) | |
| Other acute care facility in region | 0 | 40 (100.0) | |
| Other acute care facility out of region | 0 | 34 (100.0) | |
| Transfer within facility | 0 | 4 (100.0) | |
| Shelter | 0 | 2 (100.0) | |
| Other | 0 | 87 (100.0) | |
| Total | 319 | 1698† | |
| Discharge, home care, n (%) | |||
| Nursing | 22 | 367 | |
| Respiratory | 28 | 231 | |
| Physiotherapy | 0 | 24 | |
| Occupational therapy (ADLs, equipment setup) | 0 | 64 | |
| Home intravenous therapy | 1 | ||
| Does the subject have x-ray confirming CAP pneumonia (ie, opacity compatible with pneumonia)?, n (%) | |||
| Yes | 117 (36.9) | 987 (51.4) | <0.001 |
| No | 146 (46.1) | 555 (28.9) | |
| Possible | 45 (14.1) | 364 (18.9) | |
| No x-ray report available | 9 (2.8) | 14 (0.7) | |
| Total | 317 | 1920‡ | |
| Nutritional status (weight loss >5% of body weight), n (%) | |||
| Yes | 1 (1.1) | 184 (10.9) | 0.003 |
| No | 90 (98.9) | 1499 (89.1) | |
| Total | 91 | 1683 | |
| Functional status, n (%) | |||
| Walking with no problems | 209 (65.5) | 851 (46.6) | <0.001 |
| Walking with assistance (cane, walker, person assisted) | 35 (10.9) | 727 (39.8) | |
| Prosthesis | 9 (0.4) | ||
| Bedridden | 6 (1.8) | 73 (4.0) | |
| Wheelchair bound | 8 (2.5) | 163 (8.9) | |
| Total | 1823§ | ||
| Risk class | |||
| IV | 290 (90.9) | 1252 (64.7) | <0.001 |
| V | 29 (9.1) | 683 (35.3) | |
| Total | 319 | 1935 | |
| Length of stay, days* | 12.6±13.4 | ||
| Hours from presentation to ER till given first dose of antibiotic* | 4.5±3.6 | 8.7±14.8 | <0.001 |
| Risk score* | 108.6±15.4 | 124.0±24.4 | <0.001 |
*
Mean ± SD;
†
Data excluded inpatients who died or remained in the hospital;
‡
X-ray reports for 15 inpatients were missing;
§
Data for 112 inpatients were not recorded. ADLs Activities of daily living; CAP Community-acquired pneumonia; ER Emergency room