Dose- and time-dependent effects of serotonin on the expression of the NHE3 mRNA in C2BBe1 cells. Differentiated serum-starved C2BBe1 cells treated with different doses of 5-HT for 4 h (A), or with 20 μM concentration for 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 24 h; total RNA was extracted and subjected to RT-PCR (B). GAPDH was used as an internal control. Effect of serotonin on the NHE3 protein levels examined by Western blot analysis (C), differentiated serum-starved cells were treated with serotonin for the indicated time period and total cell proteins were prepared and separated (100 μg/lane) by 10% SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. NHE3 protein was detected using anti-NHE3 goat polyclonal antibody. The blot was re-probed with tubulin antibody. Densitometric analysis of each experiment is shown on the right panels. Data are presented as intensity of the experimental sample relative to the GAPDH intensity in the corresponding sample. The activity in the control was set at 100. Results were obtained from three separate experiments (mean ± S.D.). * P<0.05 compared to control.