Table 3.
RBP4 measurements and other parameters as indicated in patients with and without gestational diabetes mellitus at median gestational week 30 and 8 weeks after delivery
| Gestational diabetes (n=20) |
No gestational diabetes (n=22) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| During pregnancy | After delivery | During pregnancy | After delivery | |
| EIA RBP4 (μg/ml) | 6.7 (3.3–14.4)† | 11.9 (7.5–15.5)* | 10.4 (7.8–17.5) | 13 (8.6–16.6) |
| Western blot RBP4 (μg/ml)a | 25.5 (21.7–30.7) | 27.0 (23.4–35.9)* | 27.3 (24.0–32.2) | 27.9 (24.0–34.1) |
| Transthyretin (μg/ml)b | 161.9 (119.8–172.6) | 164.5 (132.8–236.6) | 176.8 (132.8–200.1) | 141.7 (127.1–207.8) |
| RBP4:transthyretinc | 0.45 (0.35–0.54) | 0.44 (0.36–0.47) | 0.40 (0.38–0.52) | 0.45 (0.35–0.62) |
| Retinol (μmol/l) | 1.00 (0.66–1.22) | 2.47 (1.89–3.14) *,† | 1.16 (0.88–1.29) | 1.67 (1.34–2.37) * |
| RBP4:retinold | 1.32 (0.99–1.62) | 0.62 (0.41–0.74) * | 1.41 (0.88–1.60) | 0.76 (0.55–0.89) *,† |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 34 (28–38)† | 32 (25–35)*,† | 27 (24–29) | 24 (22–28)* |
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | 117 (105–126) | 113 (100–129) | 115 (104–126) | 115 (109–128) |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 74 (67–79) | 79 (70–85) | 73 (67–77) | 76 (70–83) |
| Insulin (pmol/l) | 83 (63–129) | 65 (60–96) | 85 (58–108) | 49 (36–89) |
| 1 h insulin (pmol/l) | 522 (389–783) | 484 (276–572) | 623 (354–1276) | 276 (188–522)* |
| 2 h insulin (pmol/l) | 808 (597–864) | 292 (222–438)* | 569 (322–876) | 218 (126–343)* |
| HOMA-IR | 2.7 (1.8–4.0) | 2.3 (1.9–3.3) | 1.9 (1.5–2.9) | 1.6 (1.1–2.8) |
| Glucose (mmol/l) | 5.0 (4.5–5.6)† | 5.1 (4.7–5.4)† | 4.1 (3.8–4.4) | 4.7 (4.6–5.0)* |
| 1 h glucose (mmol/l) | 12.0 (11.2–13.4)† | 9.5 (8.0–10.8)*,† | 7.7 (6.4–9.5) | 5.5 (5.0–7.8)* |
| 2 h glucose (mmol/l) | 9.6 (8.9–10.9)† | 6.3 (5.6–7.2)* | 6.7 (5.8–7.2) | 5.6 (4.8–6.4) |
| Triacylglycerol (mmol/l) | 2.1 (1.9–3.3) | 1.0 (0.8–1.9)* | 2.0 (1.6–2.2) | 0.8 (0.7–1.14)* |
| GFR (ml min−1 1.73 m−2) | 141 (123–151) | 116 (90–138)* | 145 (120–159) | 109 (92–125)* |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.6 (5.4–5.9)† | 5.6 (5.2–6.0)† | 5.0 (4.9–5.4) | 5.2 (5.0–5.3) |
Data are presented as medians (interquartile range)
ANOVA and Fisher least significant difference post hoc test were applied to test for significant differences within and between groups after log-transformation of skewed variables
n=19
n=19
Molar ratio, according to the amounts of RBP4 and transthyretin determined by western blotting, calculated using a molecular mass of 21 kDa for RBP4 and 54 kDa for transthyretin as a homotetramer (n=19)
Molar ratio, according to the amount of RBP4 determined by western blot and the amount of retinol determined by HPLC, calculated using a molecular mass of 21 kDa for RBP4 and 0.286 kDa for retinol (n=19)
p<0.05 vs during pregnancy;
p<0.05 vs no gestational diabetes