Table 2.

Percent change from baseline in body weight and metabolic variables after 48 h and 11 wks (7% weight loss) of calorie restriction (CR) in subjects consuming a high carbohydrate (HC) or low-carbohydrate (LC) diet.

	Percent change after 48 h CR		Percent change after ~11 weeks CR
	HC	LC	HC	LC
Body weight	−1.6± 0.2**	−2.2 ± −0.2**	−7.3 ± 0.6**	−7.6 ± 0.5**
Plasma glucose	−2.6 ± 2.3	−9.8 ± 2.4*, #	−6.2 ± 1.6*	−8.9 ± 3.0*
Plasma insulin	−22.0±5.1*	−33.9 ± 6.4**	−22.0 ± 5.7*	−38.4 ± 5.2**,#
C-Peptide	−14.4 ± 3.5*	−26.3 ± 4.5**	−12.0 ± 3.1*	−25.3 ± 3.6**
Free fatty acids	13.9 ± 6.2*	32.1 ± 8.0*	−1.5 ± 9.9	−1.5 ± 7.5
HOMA-IR	−23.8 ± 5.9*	−40.3 ± 6.1**,#	−27.1 ± 5.1**	−44.0 ± 4.7**,#

Values are means ± SEM.

Value significantly different from baseline value:

^*p<0.05,

^**P<0.001.

Value significantly different from value in HC group,

^#P<0.05.

HOMA-IR: Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance