TABLE 3.
Strategies Used and Challenges Encountered by Community-Based Organizations (CBOs) in Technology Transfer in Evidence-Based Interventions (EBI) for HIV Prevention: Los Angeles County, California, 2005–2006
| Activity | Strategy | Challenge |
| Preimplementation phase | ||
| Identify need for new intervention | Examine agency data | Adaptation of intervention to new population |
| Solicit stakeholder feedback | Outreach | |
| Structural barriers to data collection | ||
| Interagency competition for clients | ||
| Insufficient funding to target population | ||
| Limited intervention information available | ||
| Acquire information | Seek information via colleagues, conferences, the Internet, and meetings | Unavailability of intervention training |
| Obtain information via secondhand sources | Inaccessibility of intervention manual | |
| Assess fit | Review existing client and program data with intervention requirements | Poor fit between the intervention and the population CBO was funded to serve |
| Prepare organization and staff | Modify key characteristics of EBI | Funder demand for major modifications to EBI |
| Secure TA for selectiona | Seek TA from external consultant | Unavailability of TA resources |
| Seek TA from provider of capacity-building assistance | ||
| Implementation phase | ||
| Secure TA for implementation | Obtain TA from funders | Funder demand for major modifications to EBI |
| Receive TA via conference calls | Funder rejection of modifications to EBI | |
| Conduct process evaluation | Review staff preparedness to conduct EBI | Cycles of staff turnover during EBI |
| Review client rapport and satisfaction | Retention of clients across multiple intervention sessions | |
| Review collaborations to promote EBI recruitment | ||
| Increase local relevance by targeting specific populations | ||
| Conduct quality-assurance monitoring | ||
| Maintenance and evolution phase | ||
| Support staff for continued implementation | Provide booster training or additional training | Need for staff trained in EBI-related skills |
| Select/hire staff with EBI-related skills | ||
| Allocate agency resources to EBI | ||
| Support organizational change | Integrate EBI into agency and programs | Limited agency resources for EBI |
| Inability to make necessary adaptations to EBI | ||
| Difficulty serving clients with multiple health issues | ||
| Conduct process through outcome evaluation | Obtain additional funding to conduct outcome evaluation | None identified |
Note. TA = technical assistance.
a
This code was added to reflect recent Centers for Disease Control and Prevention emphasis on the selection of EBIs in the preimplementation phase.