Table 2.
|
Table 2a. Odds ratios predicting the likelihood of infant mortality by mother’s, household, and community migration experience in Mexico | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Entire Sample |
|||
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | |
| Mother’s Socio-Demographic Characteristics | |||
| Mother’s age (years) | 0.878 *** | 0.879 *** | 0.879 *** |
| Mother’s age squared | 1.003 *** | 1.003 *** | 1.003 *** |
| Marital status (ref=married) | |||
| Cohabiting | 1.151 *** | 1.152 *** | 1.151 *** |
| Separated | 0.987 | 0.987 | 0.987 |
| Divorced | 1.185 | 1.185 | 1.184 |
| Widowed | 0.887 | 0.888 | 0.888 |
| Single | 1.567 *** | 1.565 *** | 1.566 *** |
| Parity (ref=low parity) | |||
| First birth | 0.696 *** | 0.695 *** | 0.696 *** |
| High parity | 1.814 *** | 1.814 *** | 1.814 *** |
| Indigenous Language | 0.970 | 0.971 | 0.969 |
| Health insurance coverage (ref=insured) | |||
| Uninsured | 1.131 *** | 1.129 *** | 1.130 *** |
| Education (ref=some high school) | |||
| No education | 1.665 *** | 1.667 *** | 1.667 *** |
| Primary education | 1.494 *** | 1.494 *** | 1.495 *** |
| Junior high education | 1.261 *** | 1.261 *** | 1.262 *** |
| Household Characteristics | |||
| Number of people | 0.835 *** | 0.835 *** | 0.835 *** |
| Household poverty index | 1.352 *** | 1.358 *** | 1.353 *** |
| Community Characteristics | |||
| Level of urbanization (ref=urban≥2500) | |||
| Rural (<2500) | 0.989 | 0.988 | 0.992 |
| Geographic location (ref=historic) | |||
| Border | 0.869 * | 0.873 * | 0.868 * |
| Center | 1.144 *** | 1.149 *** | 1.142 ** |
| Periphery | 0.941 | 0.947 | 0.934 |
| Community marginality index | 1.043 ** | 1.043 * | 1.045 ** |
| Migration Experience | |||
| Mother is a return migrant | 0.577 *** | 0.548 *** | 0.547 *** |
| Mother receives remittances | 0.925 † | 0.926 † | |
| Household has recent migration | 1.076 * | 1.083 ** | |
| Community out-migration | 0.990 † | ||
|
| |||
| Level 1 Sample Size | 896148 | 896148 | 896148 |
| Level 2 Sample Size | 2412 | 2412 | 2412 |
|
Table 2b. Odds ratios predicting the likelihood of infant mortality by mother’s, household, and community migration experience in the rural and urban sub-samples of Mexico | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Urban Sub-sample |
Rural Sub-sample |
|||||
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | |
| Mother’s Socio-Demographic Characteristics | ||||||
| Mother’s age (years) | 0.861 *** | 0.861 *** | 0.861 *** | 0.900 *** | 0.902 *** | 0.902 *** |
| Mother’s age squared | 1.003 *** | 1.003 *** | 1.003 *** | 1.002 *** | 1.002 *** | 1.002 *** |
| Marital status (ref=married) | ||||||
| Cohabiting | 1.160 *** | 1.160 *** | 1.160 *** | 1.132 *** | 1.134 *** | 1.132 *** |
| Separated | 1.058 | 1.058 | 1.057 | 0.870 † | 0.871 † | 0.870 † |
| Divorced | 1.207 | 1.207 | 1.206 | 1.159 | 1.161 | 1.159 |
| Widowed | 0.815 | 0.814 | 0.814 | 0.932 | 0.934 | 0.934 |
| Single | 1.643 *** | 1.644 *** | 1.644 *** | 1.464 *** | 1.460 *** | 1.461 *** |
| Parity (ref=low parity) | ||||||
| First birth | 0.613 *** | 0.613 *** | 0.613 *** | 0.831 *** | 0.829 *** | 0.829 *** |
| High parity | 1.801 *** | 1.801 *** | 1.801 *** | 1.844 *** | 1.846 *** | 1.845 *** |
| Indigenous Language | 1.012 | 1.013 | 1.011 | 0.945 | 0.946 | 0.944 |
| Health insurance coverage (ref=insured) | ||||||
| Uninsured | 1.085 * | 1.083 * | 1.084 * | 1.191 *** | 1.188 *** | 1.190 *** |
| Education (ref=some high school) | ||||||
| No education | 1.692 *** | 1.693 *** | 1.693 *** | 1.348 *** | 1.350 *** | 1.351 *** |
| Primary education | 1.536 *** | 1.536 *** | 1.537 *** | 1.206 ** | 1.207 ** | 1.209 ** |
| Junior high education | 1.238 *** | 1.238 *** | 1.238 *** | 1.106 | 1.106 | 1.107 |
| Household Characteristics | ||||||
| Number of people | 0.836 *** | 0.837 *** | 0.837 *** | 0.832 *** | 0.831 *** | 0.831 *** |
| Household poverty index | 1.579 *** | 1.578 *** | 1.576 *** | 1.221 ** | 1.228 ** | 1.222 ** |
| Community Characteristics | ||||||
| Geographic location (ref=historic) | ||||||
| Border | 0.876 † | 0.873 † | 0.866 † | 0.852 * | 0.856 * | 0.852 * |
| Center | 1.139 * | 1.142 * | 1.135 * | 1.143 *** | 1.148 *** | 1.140 ** |
| Periphery | 0.839 * | 0.842 * | 0.832 * | 0.989 | 0.997 | 0.981 |
| Community marginality index | 1.037 | 1.036 | 1.038 | 1.066 ** | 1.066 ** | 1.068 ** |
| Migration Experience | ||||||
| Mother is a return migrant | 0.685 ** | 0.676 ** | 0.676 ** | 0.444 ** | 0.414 ** | 0.415 ** |
| Mother receives remittances | 1.062 | 1.064 | 0.803 ** | 0.804 ** | ||
| Household has recent migration | 1.006 | 1.008 | 1.124 ** | 1.137 ** | ||
| Community out-migration | 0.989 | 0.989 † | ||||
|
| ||||||
| Level 1 Sample Size | 528676 | 528676 | 528676 | 367472 | 367472 | 367472 |
| Level 2 Sample Size | 1512 | 1512 | 1512 | 2379 | 2379 | 2379 |
marginally significant at .10;
significant at .05;
significant at .01;
significant at .001