Table 3.

Summary of significant main effects from repeated measures ANOVAs for relative amplitude of rms peak and overall rms amplitude. Shown are partial eta squared values (η²). (^*) p<0.050, (^**) p<0.010, (†) p<0.001; (---) not significant; fr=fricative, st=stop, vd=voiced, vl=voiceless, l=labial, alv=alveolar, vel=velar.

	∕i∕	∕ɪ∕	∕ε∕	∕æ∕	∕ɑ∕	∕ɔ∕	∕ʊ∕	∕u∕
rms peak
∕b, d, p, t, v, z, f, s∕
Manner	---	---	0.286*	0.452**	0.532**	---	---	---
			fr>st	fr>st	fr>st
Voicing	0.332**	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
	vd>vl
Place	0.414**	0.462**	0.503†	0.447**	0.438**	0.528**	0.311*	0.839†
	l>alv	l>alv	l>alv	l>alv	l>alv	l>alv	l>alv	l>alv
∕b, d, g, p, t, k∕
Voicing	0.337**	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
	vd>vl
Place	---	0.362†	0.454†	0.254**	0.202*	0.302**	0.329**	0.694†
		l>vel>alv	l>alv>vel	l>alv>vel	l>vel>alv	l>alv>vel	l>alv>vel	l>vel>alv
Overall rms
∕b, d, p, t, v, z, f, s∕
Manner	---	---	---	---	---	---	0.260*	0.201*
							st>fr	st>fr
Voicing	---	---	---	---	---	0.375*	---	---
						vl>vd
Place	0.611†	0.699†	0.700†	0.565†	0.539**	0.689†	0.390**	0.850†
	l>alv	l>alv	l>alv	l>alv	l>alv	l>alv	l>alv	l>alv
∕b, d, g, p, t, k∕
Voicing	0.258*	---	208*	---	---	0.425**	---	---
	vl>vd		vd>vl			vl>vd
Place	---	0.512†	0.610†	0.388†	---	0.353**	0.407†	0.730†
		l>alv>vel	l>alv>vel	l>alv>vel		l>alv>vel	l>alv>vel	l>vel>alv