Table 11.
Clinical Studies Regarding Sex Differences in Analgesic Responses
| Authors | Sample Size (F, M) | Type of Pain | Medication | Findings |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| μ-opioids | ||||
| Aubrun et al16 | 1933, 2344 | Multiple surgeries | iv morphine | F > M morphine dose for analgesia |
| Bijur et al38 | 211, 144 | Acute pain in ER | iv morphine (0.1 mg/kg) | F = M |
| Cepeda and Carr62 | 423, 277 | Multiple surgeries | iv morphine | F > M morphine dose for analgesia |
| Chia et al67 | 1444, 854 | Multiple surgeries | iv morphine (PCA) | F < M morphine consumption |
| Gagliese et al140 | 120, 126 | Multiple surgeries | iv morphine (PCA) | F = M |
| Glasson et al162 | 106, 44 | Cholecystectomy | iv morphine or meperidine | F = M (when weight adjusted) |
| Hirasawa et al187 | 15, 15 | Spine surgery | iv morphine (PCA) | F < M morphine consumption |
| Joels et al202 | 246, 235 | Colectomy | iv morphine or meperidine | F < M opioid consumption |
| Kaiko et al206 | 422, 293 | Cancer Pain | im morphine (8, 16 mg) | F = M |
| Miller and Ernst280 | 22, 24 | Acute pain in ER | iv morphine (2.5–5 mg) | F = M (trend for ↑ analgesia in M) |
| Mixed-action opioids | ||||
| Gear et al153 | 69, 62 | Oral surgery | iv nalbuphine (5, 10, or 20 mg) | F > M analgesia at 5, 10 mg doses |
| Gordon et al164 | 22, 12 | Oral surgery | iv pentazocine (30 mg) | F > M analgesia |
| Miller and Ernst280 | 23, 25 | Acute pain in ER | iv butorphanol (0.5–1 mg) | F = M |
| Ryan et al353 | 16, 12 | Dental surgery | 50 mg pentazocine, 0.5 mg naloxone (oral) | F > M analgesia |
| Other analgesics | ||||
| Averbuch and Katzper17 | 195, 119 | Oral surgery | oral ibuprofen | F = M |
| De Cosmo et al82 | 49, 31 | Cholecystectomy | iv tramadol (PCA) | F > M tramadol consumption |
| Ryan et al353 | 15, 14 | Dental surgery | 600 mg ibuprofen (oral) | F = M |