Table 4.
Summary of replicated linkage peaks and candidate genes within 10 cM of observed linkage peaks
| Region | cM* | Nearest Marker | Published Linkage Studies for BMI | Published Association Studies** | Other Hypothesized Candidate Genes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bold indicates candidate genes / SNPs hypothesized for sleep apnea phenotype; otherwise candidate genes refer to obesity related traits, per se. | |||||
| Centimorgans were interpolated using an integrated map (Duffy 2006) | |||||
| ACE = angiotensin I converting enzyme; ADRA2A= adrenergic, α-2A receptor; ADRB1 = adrenergic, β1 receptor; AHI = apnea hypopnea index; BMI = body mass index; CART= CART prepropeptide; CCKAR= cholecystokinin A receptor; CRHR1 = corticotropin releasing hormone receptor 1; ESR1 = estrogen receptor 1; FBAT = family based association test; FGFR1= fibroblast growth factor receptor 1; FGFR2= fibroblast growth factor receptor 2; FTO= fat mass and obesity associated; HCRTR2 = hypocretin receptor 2; HLOD = Heterogeneity logarithm of the odds of linkage; HTR1B = 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 1B; IDE = insulin-degrading enzyme; LOD = logarithm of the odds of linkage; LPL = lipoprotein lipase; MCHR1 = melanin-concentrating hormone receptor 1; MLS = maximum logarithm of the odds of linkage; NPL = nonparametric linkage; PPARA = peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α; PPARGC1A = peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α; SGK = serum/glucocorticoid regulated kinase 1; SORBS1 = sorbin and SH3 domain containing 1; TSHR = thyroid stimulating hormone receptor isoform 1 | |||||
| European | |||||
| Americans | |||||
| 6q11-q13 | 84 | GATA64D02 | - | COL21A1 (Fox et al. 2007: BMI FBAT p = 5.1*10-6) | HCRTR2 |
| HTR1B (Levitan et al. 2001: minimum BMI p=.001) | |||||
| 6q26 | 162 | AFM242ZG5 | Feitosa et al. 2002, (MLS=1.6) | ESR1 (Mansur et al. 2005: BMI p=.024; Fox et al. 2007: BMI, p<.05) | |
| Atwood et al. 2002, 2002, (LOD=3.1) | VIP (Fox et al. 2007: BMI p=.001) rs4869783** (Cupples et al. 2007: AHI p= 9.4*10-6) | ||||
| 10q24 | 117 | GATA64A09 | IDE (Gu et al. 2004: BMI p=.0067) | ||
| SORBS1 (San Millan et al. 2004: BMI p=0.008) | |||||
| 17q21 | 75 | GATA49C09N | Norris et al. 2005, | CRHR1 (Challis et al. 2004: BMI p=0.0083) | |
| (MLS=2.8) | ACE (Kramer et al. 2005: 2005 obesity p<0.05) | ||||
| African Americans | |||||
| 4p15.3 | 32 | GATA70E01 | Arya et al. 2004, (LOD=4.5) | CCKAR (Funakoshi et al. 2000: BMI p=.08, Leptin: p=0.003) | |
| PPARGC1A (Pihlajamaki et al. 2005: | |||||
| Stone et al. 2002, (HLOD=2.2) | BMI p=.03; (Esterbauer et al. 2002: BMI p=0.006) | ||||
| 5q14 | 88 | GATA52A12 | CART (Yamada et al. 2002: BMI: p=.034) | ||
| 8p21.3 | 43 | AFMA127YE5 | Stone et al. 2002, (HLOD=2.0) | LPL (Corella et al. 2001: BMI: p=.02) | |
| 8q23.1 | 104 | GATA8B01 | Dong et al. 2005, (NPL=1.9) | rs10504675** (Cupples et al. 2007: AHI p= 3.79*10-5) | FGFR1 |
| 8q24.1 | 140 | GATA21C12 | |||
| 10q24-q25 | 143 | ATA29C03 | Chen et al. 2005, (LOD=1.0) | SGK (Dieter et al. 2004: BMI p<0.008) | |
| Bell et al. 2004, (LOD=2.5) | ADRB1 (Linne et al. 2005: BMI p=.05; Fox et al. 2007: BMI FBAT p=0.004; Lima et al. 2007: BMI p=.02) | FGFR2 | |||
| Turner et al. 2004, (LOD=2.0) | ADRA2A (Garenc et al. 2002: fat deposition p < 0.05; Lima et al. 2007: BMI p=0.05) | ||||
| 14q31 | 94 | GATA193A07 | Wu et al. 2002, (LOD=2.2) | TSHR (Hinney et al. 2007: obesity p=1.38*10-4) | |
| 18q23 | 125 | Z18QTEL11 | - | - | |
| 20p11.2 | 4 | AFM077XD3 | - | - | |
| 22q13 | 52 | UT7136 | - | MCHR1 (Bell et al. 2005: obesity p=.006) | |
| PPARA (Bosse et al. 2003: BMI p=.023) | |||||
**
data available on dbGAP website only