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. 2009 Apr 21;106(18):7636–7641. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0902919106

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Fig. 4. — Trdn^−/− myocytes display impaired SR Ca²⁺ release despite increased SR Ca²⁺ content. (A) Representative examples of rapid caffeine (10 mM) application to Trdn^+/+ (+/+) and Trdn^−/− (−/−) myocytes that were field stimulated at 1 Hz to maintain consistent SR Ca²⁺ load. The 2 last paced Ca²⁺ transients (CaT) are also shown. The amplitude of the caffeine transient was used as a measure of total SR Ca²⁺ content. Experiments were carried out in control conditions (CON) and in the presence of 1 μM ISO. (B–F) Comparisons of average CaT amplitudes (B), CaT rise time (0 to 90% of peak) (C), end-diastolic [Ca²⁺] (D), SR Ca²⁺ content (E), and SR Ca²⁺ release fraction (F) in the 2 groups. Trdn^+/+ (+/+): n = 37 (CON) and 31 (ISO); Trdn^−/− (−/−): n = 38 (CON) and 23 (ISO); *, P < 0.05; ***, P < 0.001. CaT time to peak 90%, time to reach 90% of peak CaT height.