TABLE 2.

Photophysical and Solvatochromic Properties of DCDHF-N-6^a

solvent	ΦF	λabsmax (nm)	λemmax (nm)	n	∊r	Δf	η (cP)
water	0.003	550	675	1.3330	78.5	0.3193	1.01
acetonitrile	0.014	543	664	1.3442	37.5	0.3053	0.345
acetone	0.015	533	660	1.3588	20.70	0.2843	0.316
DMSO	0.015	549	675	1.4770	47.2	0.2640	1.98
THF	0.18	529	636	1.4050	7.52	0.2096	0.55
ethyl acetate	0.21	523	623	1.3723	6.02	0.1997	0.455
ethyl ether	0.82	518	593	1.3526	4.335	0.1668	0.2332
chloroform	0.80	554	613	1.4459	4.806	0.1482	0.58
isopropyl ether	0.88	523	583	1.3673	3.88	0.1453	0.273
dipropylamine	0.10	528	591	1.4050	2.9	0.0826	0.53
triethylamine	0.021	516	569	1.4010	2.42	0.0477	0.363
toluene	0.85	526	579	1.4961	2.379	0.0134	0.59
benzene	0.88	525	581	1.5011	2.284	0.0030	0.652
n-heptane	0.31	514	537	1.3878	1.9	−0.0034	0.55
cyclohexane	0.22	517	541	1.4266	2.023	−0.0014	0.898
Alcohols
methanol	0.013	540	660	1.3288	32.63	0.3084	0.597
ethanol	0.017	543	657	1.3611	24.30	0.2886	1.2
2-propanol	0.048	543	651	1.3776	18.3	0.2729	2.4
1-butanol	0.068	546	649	1.3993	17.1	0.2625	2.948
benzyl alcohol	0.076	560	654	1.5396	13.1	0.2061	5.8

^aLeft columns, measured properties of fluorophore: fluorescence quantum yield (Φ_F) and absorption and emission wavelengths. Right columns, solvent properties reported in refs ³¹ and ³²: relative dielectric constant (ϵr), index of refraction (n), orientation polarizability ( Δf), and viscosity (η). The excitation wavelength was 488 nm. The ΦF of DCDHF-N-6 in toluenewas referenced against rhodamine 6G in ethanol (0.95); all other solvents were measured against DCDHF-N-6 in toluene. The rows are ordered by decreasing Δf.