. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 May 7.

Published in final edited form as: Curr Drug Abuse Rev. 2008 Nov;1(3):303–327. doi: 10.2174/1874473710801030303

Table 5.

Pharmacological Actions of Glutamate Agents in Animal Models or Paradigms of Psychostimulant Addiction

	N-Acetylcysteine	MPEP	LY379268	2-PMPA	AMN082
Pharmacological Actions	Cystine prodrug, glutathione prodrug	mGluR5 antagonist	mGluR2/3 agonist	NAALADase inhibitor	mGluR7 agonist
Self-Administration	No effect on cocaine SA	↓ Cocaine SA (FR, PR)	↓ Cocaine SA (FR)	↓ Cocaine SA (PR, notFR)	↓ Cocaine SA (FR, PR)
Reinstatement of Drug-Seeking	↓ Relapse by cocaine	↓ Relapse by cocaine, by cues, but not by stress	↓ Relapse by cocaine or cues	↓ Relapse by cocaine	↓ Relapse by cocaine
Conditioned Place Preference (CPP)		↓ CPP by cocaine, amphetamine or MDMA		↓ CPP by cocaine
Enhanced Brain-Stimulation Reward (eBSR)		Conflicting		↓ eBSR by cocaine	↓ eBSR by cocaine
Psychostimulant-like Discriminative Stimulus Effects (DS)		↓ DS by cocaine
Behavioral Sensitization (BS)	↓ BS by cocaine	↓ BS by cocaine	↓ BS by amphetamine	↓ BS by cocaine
Natural Reward		↓ Food-taking	↓ Food-seeking	No effect on CPP for food	No effect on sucrose-taking
Clinical Trials	Phase I	No	No	No	No