TABLE 2.
Organ | Form of VA | Adult pig (Ref. 26) | Reference piglets | Treatment group (mg VA)3 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 | 7.5 | 15 | 30 | ||||
nmol/g wet weight | |||||||
Liver | Retinol | 405.6 ± 368.3 | 10.8 ± 12.0 | 7.01 ± 2.85b | 13.2 ± 6.44a,b | 19.9 ± 13.7a,b | 26.0 ± 22.1a |
RE | 1016.34 | 23.6 ± 9.5 | 18.0 ± 6.63c | 53.3 ± 16.9b | 74.6 ± 30.7a,b | 89.7 ± 49.8a | |
Lung | Retinol | 0.230 ± 0.065 | 0.161 ± 0.047 | 0.144 ± 0.014 | 0.192 ± 0.047 | 0.168 ± 0.038 | 0.199 ± 0.061 |
RE | 0.2984 | 0.0102 ± 0.0114 | 0.011 ± 0.0043 | 0.0086 ± 0.0037 | 0.012 ± 0.005 | 0.016 ± 0.019 | |
Kidney | Retinol | 0.960 ± 0.577 | 0.824 ± 0.718 | 1.51 ± 0.280b | 2.079 ± 0.246a | 2.26 ± 0.341a | 2.22 ± 0.393a |
RE | 1.294 | 0.141 ± 0.052 | 0.185 ± 0.075b | 0.233 ± 0.136a,b | 0.318 ± 0.141a | 0.281 ± 0.084a,b | |
Adrenal gland | Retinol | 0.347 ± 0.065 | 0.515 ± 0.143 | 0.195 ± 0.037b | 0.323 ± 0.111a | 0.341 ± 0.055a | 0.290 ± 0.049a,b |
RE | 0.4364 | 0.367 ± 0.308 | 0.106 ± 0.079 | 0.121 ± 0.038 | 0.137 ± 0.078 | 0.111 ± 0.041 | |
Spleen | Retinol | ND | 0.209 ± 0.027 | 0.086 ± 0.024 | 0.092 ± 0.016 | 0.120 ± 0.014 | 0.108 ± 0.044 |
RE | ND | 0.057 ± 0.025 | 0.019 ± 0.0038 | 0.023 ± 0.013 | 0.032 ± 0.017 | 0.029 ± 0.013 |
Data are means ± SD, n = 12 (adult pigs) or 7 (piglets). Means for piglets in a row with superscripts without a common letter differ, P < 0.05.
ND, Not determined; RE, retinyl esters.
Molecular weight of retinol = 286 g/mol.
Means for retinyl palmitate, oleate, and stearate were added together for total RE from reference 26 and therefore the SD could not be determined.