Table 1.
Descriptive Statistics for Study Participants
| Full Sample | Subset 1 | Subset 2 | Association with Outcomea in Full Sample | ||||
| N | Mean (± SD) | N | Mean (± SD) | N | Mean (± SD) | β estimate | |
| Leukoaraiosis volume (cm3) | 777 | 7.80 (6.31) | 316 | 7.90 (6.18) | 316 | 7.95 (6.49) | NA |
| Age, yearsb | 777 | 59.7 (10.1) | 316 | 59.9 (10.4) | 316 | 59.9 (9.7) | 0.0295*** |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 777 | 30.5 (5.8) | 316 | 30.3 (5.8) | 316 | 30.8 (5.7) | -0.003 |
| Height, cm | 777 | 168 (9.2) | 316 | 169 (9.6) | 316 | 169 (9.4) | -0.0003 |
| Weight, kg | 777 | 86.3 (18.6) | 316 | 86.9 (18.8) | 316 | 87.9 (18.5) | -0.0009 |
| Waist-to-hip ratio | 777 | 0.91 (0.11) | 316 | 0.92 (0.12) | 316 | 0.92 (0.10) | 0.2162 |
| SBP, mm Hg | 776 | 131.4 (16.5) | 316 | 131.8 (17.0) | 315 | 131.6 (16.3) | 0.0015 |
| DBP, mm Hg | 776 | 74.0 (9.0) | 316 | 73.9 (8.6) | 315 | 74.5 (9.1) | 0.0052** |
| Pulse pressure, mm Hg | 776 | 57.4 (15.3) | 316 | 57.9 (15.8) | 315 | 57.1 (15.0) | 8.1 E-06 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 777 | 197.4 (33.7) | 316 | 193.4 (33.4) | 316 | 197.4 (32.3) | -0.0008 |
| Triglycerides (log), mg/dL | 777 | 4.93 (0.52) | 316 | 4.92 (0.54) | 316 | 4.99 (0.48) | 0.0354 |
| HDL cholesterol, mg/dL | 777 | 51.9 (14.6) | 316 | 51.4 (14.8) | 316 | 50.0 (13.6) | 0.0007 |
| LDL cholesterol, mg/dL | 777 | 120.1 (31.9) | 316 | 116.9 (31.7) | 316 | 121.1 (31.5) | -0.0011* |
| LDL particle size, Å | 777 | 270.2 (5.0) | 316 | 270.3 (5.1) | 316 | 269.8 (4.8) | -0.0041 |
| Lp(a), mg/dL | 777 | 2.71 (1.21) | 316 | 2.76 (1.17) | 316 | 2.63 (1.22) | -0.0047 |
| C-reactive protein (log), mg/L | 775 | -1.33 (0.97) | 314 | -1.41 (0.91) | 316 | -1.30 (0.98) | -0.0015 |
| Fibrinogen, mg/dL | 772 | 319.9 (76.1) | 314 | 316.8 (71.4) | 314 | 323.5 (77.2) | 9.9 E-05 |
| Homocysteine (log), μmol/L | 777 | 2.25 (0.25) | 316 | 2.26 (0.25) | 316 | 2.26 (0.25) | 0.0499 |
| Creatinine (log), mg/dL | 777 | -0.16 (0.26) | 316 | -0.14 (0.27) | 316 | -0.13 (0.25) | 0.0453 |
| Physical activity | 777 | -9.89 (7.53) | 316 | -10.11 (7.71) | 316 | -9.74 (7.50) | -0.0018 |
| Female, n (%)c | 777 | 455 (58.6%) | 316 | 161 (50.9%) | 316 | 163 (51.6%) | -0.0524 |
| Ever smoker, n (%) | 777 | 378 (48.6%) | 316 | 166 (52.5%) | 316 | 151 (47.8%) | -0.0187 |
| Coronary heart disease, n (%) | 777 | 57 (7.3%) | 316 | 25 (7.9%) | 316 | 25 (7.9%) | 0.0722 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 777 | 575 (74.0%) | 316 | 241 (76.3%) | 316 | 240 (75.9%) | -0.0061 |
a The β estimates and significance values shown are for association with leukoaraiosis volume transformed using the natural logarithm and adjusted for age, sex, and total brain volume.
b The β estimate and significance value shown are for association with leukoaraiosis volume transformed using the natural logarithm and adjusted for sex and total brain volume.
c The β estimate and significance value shown are for association with leukoaraiosis volume transformed using the natural logarithm and adjusted for age and total brain volume.
*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001
BMI, body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HDL, high density lipoprotein; LDL, low density lipoprotein; Lp(a), lipoprotein A