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Activity (mean ± SEM) of rats after cage change in IVCs and open-top cages. (A) First hour after cage change. (B) From 1 h after cage change to start of dark period. (C) First dark period after cage change. Overall there are 16 experimental units, 4 animals in 4 rounds. *, P < 0.05; #, P < 0.01; §, P < 0.001.
