Table 2.
Brain Morphology
| Women (N=38) | Men (N=38) | Sex Effect | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (S.D.) | Adjusted Mean (S.E.) | Mean (S.D.) | Adjusted Mean (S.E.) | F (P) | |
| Cerebral Tissue Volume (cc)a | 1083.7 (94.4) | 1120.8 (18.0) | 1207.6 (96.7) | 1175.1 (17.7) | 3.375 (0.070) |
| Cerebral Surface Area (mm2)a | 170809.4 (20471.0) | 176889.2 (3410.5) | 181540.6 (13416.2) | 176256.0 (3348.8) | 0.013 (0.910) |
| Parietal Lobe | |||||
| Tissue Volume (cc)b | 236.4 (22.6) | 249.6 (1.7) | 264.6 (23.0) | 251.4 (1.7) | 0.431 (0.514) |
| Gray Matter | 129.5 (11.5) | 135.6 (1.3) | 141.9 (13.7) | 135.7 (1.3) | 0.002 (0.968) |
| Right | 65.3 (6.0) | 68.7 (0.7) | 71.7 (7.6) | 68.3 (0.7) | 0.084 (0.772) |
| Left | 64.1 (6.1) | 67.0 (0.8) | 70.2 (6.5) | 67.4 (0.8) | 0.128 (0.721) |
| White Matter | 106.9 (12.8) | 114.0 (1.2) | 122.7 (12.2) | 115.6 (1.2) | 0.769 (0.383) |
| Right | 53.3 (6.6) | 56.9 (0.7) | 61.2 (6.6) | 57.5 (0.7) | 0.342 (0.561) |
| Left | 53.7 (6.5) | 57.0 (0.6) | 61.5 (5.8) | 58.1 (0.6) | 1.247 (0.268) |
| Surface Area (mm2)c | 40320.8 (4539.9) | 41334.6 (335.2) | 43436.8 (3289.4) | 42422.9 (335.2) | 5.003 (0.028)* |
| Right | 20492.2 (2481.5) | 21041.9 (199.1) | 22091.7 (1838.1) | 21542.0 (199.1) | 2.996 (0.088) |
| Left | 19828.5 (2119.4) | 20292.7 (164.3) | 21345.1 (1576.7) | 20880.9 (164.3) | 6.081 (0.016)* |
| Gray/White Matter Ratiod | 1.22 (0.11) | 1.22 (0.02) | 1.16 (0.11) | 1.16 (0.02) | 5.167 (0.026)* |
| Right | 1.24 (0.11) | 1.23 (0.02) | 1.18 (0.12) | 1.18 (0.02) | 4.176 (0.045)* |
| Left | 1.20 (0.12) | 1.20 (0.02) | 1.14 (0.10) | 1.15 (0.02) | 4.994 (0.028)* |
Mean values and standard deviations for both men and women, for brain morphology measures, including overall cerebral volume and surface area and target region, parietal lobe, measures. Adjusted means, standard errors, and sex effects are the result of ANCOVA:
a
using age and height as covariates (d.f. 1, 71);
b
using age and cerebral tissue volume as covariates (d.f. 1, 72);
c
using age and cerebral surface area as covariates (d.f. 1, 72);
d
using age as a covariate (d.f. 1, 73);
*
p<0.05. Briefly, it was found that men had greater parietal lobe surface area predominately in the left hemisphere and women had proportionally more gray matter in the parietal lobe more strongly in the left hemisphere.