Table 1.
Subject characteristics by age group and performance on standardized neuropsychological tests.
| Young-Old Adults | Old-Old Adults | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) | Range | Mean (SD) | Range | P | |
| Age | 70.2 (3.9) | 64–77 | 87.4 (3.3) | 84–96 | |
| Years of education | 16.1 (2.2) | 12–21 | 15.4 (3.1) | 10–22 | n.s. |
| Mini Mental State Examination | 29.4 (0.7) | 28–30 | 28.1 (0.7) | 26–30 | <.001 |
| CVLT 1 immediate free recall | 11.8 (2.6) | 7–16 | 7.8 (1.1) | 3–14 | <.001 |
| CVLT 1 immediate cued recall | 13.2 (1.9) | 9–16 | 9.4 (2.6) | 6–15 | <.001 |
| CVLT 1 delayed free recall | 12.7 (2.5) | 9–16 | 7.4 (3.5) | 3–14 | <.001 |
| CVLT 1 delayed cued recall | 13.3 (2.2) | 9–16 | 9.1 (2.9) | 4–14 | <.001 |
| CVLT 1 delayed recognition | 14.8 (1.5) | 11–16 | 13.6 (1.9) | 10–16 | =0.05 |
| NYU2 paragraph immediate recall | 7.5 (2.0) | 4–11 | 5.0 (1.4) | 3–8 | <.001 |
| NYU2 paragraph delayed recall | 9.3 (2.1) | 6–14 | 6.7 (2.4) | 4–12 | <.005 |
| Forward/backward Digit Span | 19.3 (3.7) | 15–27 | 17.1 (2.5) | 14–23 | <.05 |
| Digit/Symbol substitution test | 50.8 (8.7) | 33–70 | 36.7 (9.0) | 20–53 | <.001 |
| Trail Making test A | 24.6 (7.1) | 18–44 | 39.8 (11.4) | 25–69 | <.001 |
| Trail Making test B | 65.9 (18.6) | 41–114 | 120.7 (62.1) | 56–300 | <.005 |
| Letter Fluency | 48.2 (9.8) | 28–68 | 39.8 (10.1) | 21–56 | <.05 |
| Category fluency | 21.6 (3.3) | 16–27 | 15.5 (3.6) | 9–24 | <.001 |
| WTAR3 Raw | 45.7 (4.3) | 33–50 | 42.2 (7.2) | 31–50 | n.s. |
| Beck Depression inventory | 1.9 (2.5) | 0–13 | 7.4 (6.7) | 0–25 | <.01 |
1
California Verbal Learning Test
2
New York University
3
Wechsler Test of Adult Reading Full Scale Intellectual Quotient