A, AO/EtBr bromide assay was used to monitor membrane permeability. DU145 (A) and PC3 (D) cells treated with media only fluoresced green indicating viable cells with intact membranes. Treatment with PAX2 siRNA resulted in cells staining with both AO and EtBr generating yellow nuclei (B and E). However, treatment of cells with PAX2 and hBD1 siRNA simultaneously resulted in green staining indicative of viable cells with intact membranes (lanes C and F). B, Cellular viability was measured by MTT assay after 6 days of treatment with negative control siRNA, PAX2 siRNA or a double knockdown with PAX2 siRNA and hBD1 siRNA, respectively. Each experiment was performed three times in triplicate. Asterisks represent statistical differences (p<0.05).