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Schematic of bronchio-alveolar internal spaceillustrating the source and location of epithelial cells responsible for phospholipid (PL) and surfactant protein (SP) production. Also indicated in this figure: the alveoli as a respiratory endpoint for inhaled silica (SiO2) particles, where phagocytic alveolar macrophages (AM) will internalize the particles for removal from the lung while signaling to the epithelial cells for surfactant overproduction.
