System is highly expressed in gliomas. a, Expression of mRNA transcripts of xCT, 4F2hc, and β-actin in human glioma cell lines (D54-MG, STTG-1, U251-MG, and U87-MG) and a glioma primary culture (GBM62) is demonstrated by RT-PCR. The protein expression of 4F2hc determined by Western blot with anti-4F2hc antibodies is illustrated below. b, RT-PCR was performed with RNA extracts from patient biopsies and illustrates expression of mRNA transcripts of xCT in tumors (ID47, ID34, ID20) as well as in comparison brain tissues, which were operated on for other reasons and did not show any evidence of malignancy (ID59, ID56, ID78). c, The expression of 4F2hc, the regulatory subunit of system and of the Na+-dependent glutamate transporter GLT-1, was compared between glioma biopsies and comparison brain tissues by Western blot analysis. The expression of GLT-1 was almost completely missing in tumor biopsies, all of which prominently expressed 4F2hc. The origin of human biopsies was as follows: ID61, 22-year-old white male; ID56, unknown; ID57, 1.5-year-old Hispanic male; ID59, 26-year-old white female; ID78, 48-year-old white female; ID20, 45-year-old black female; ID21, 55-year-old white female; ID25, 58-year-old unknown male; ID34, 47-year-old unknown male; ID47, 38-year-old white female. Tissues were obtained in compliance with the Institutional Review Board of the University of Alabama at Birmingham. GBM, Glioblastoma multiforme.