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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 May 13.
Published in final edited form as: Neuropsychologia. 2009 Feb 2;47(5):1213–1226. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2009.01.031

Table 1.

Source Task Patient sample Result
Beatty & Monson, 1990 California Card Sort Task (Delis et al., 1989) 16 PD; Stages 1–4; M = 2.6 PD= NC (d =.57)
Channon, 1997 Unidimensional classification learning 20 PD PD < NC (d =.41)
Dimitrov, Grafman, Soares & Clark, 1999 California Card Sort Task 8 PD; Stages 1–4; M=3.0 PD = NC (d =.93)
Farina et al., 1994 Picture sorting task (Incisa della Rocchetta, 1986) 22 PD Stages 1–2 PD < NC
Hanes, Andrewes & Pantelis, 1995 Verbal solutions task (Reitan, 1972) 25 PD Stages 1–4; M = 2.76 PD < NC (d =.41)
Price, 2006 Multi-dimension classification learning 16 PD; Stages 1–3; M = 2.2 PD < NC (d = 1.0)
Swainson et al., 2006 Five Dimension Task (Swainson & Robbins, 2001) 11 mild PDOFF
27 mild PDON
14 severe PDON
mild PDOFF = NC;
mild PDON < NC
severe PDON = NC

Summary of studies examining rule generation in PD

Note. Stages refers to Hoehn & Yahr (1967) ratings of PD severity; M = mean level of PD severity; d = Cohen’s d measure of effect size