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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Dec 31.
Published in final edited form as: J Am Chem Soc. 2008 Dec 31;130(52):17913–17927. doi: 10.1021/ja806629e

Scheme 16.

Scheme 16

An alternative route to diversification of the aldehyde 44, involving reduction, activation, and nucleophilic displacement, as exemplified by the synthesis of the N-imidazoylmethylpentacycline 51.