Table 3.

Fasting blood glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, and glucose AUC

	6-Wk Intervention				12-Wk Intervention
	HFSED	HFEX	LFSED	LFEX	HFSED	HFEX	LFSED	LFEX
n	5	7	5	6	12	13	14	14
Glucose, mmol/l	13.27±0.6a	10.51±0.30b	11.50±0.66a,b	11.43±0.85a,b	12.87±0.43a	10.88±0.29b,c	11.75±0.45a,b	9.52±0.34c*
Insulin, μIU/ml	15.95±1.8a	10.23±0.4b	10.78±1.1b	7.90±0.7b	24.52±4.7a	20.91±3.4a,b	13.96±1.1a,b*	12.61±1.3b*
HOMA-IR	9.41±1.2a	4.77±0.2b	5.39±0.6b	4.07±0.5b	14.08±2.8a	10.15±1.7a,b*	7.34±0.7b	5.4±0.6b
Glucose AUC	49,563±800a	42,210±2,243a,b	35,019±2,235b,c	30,555±2,805c	47,182±1,925a	46,648±2,608a	37,733±1,941b	35,418±2,439b

Values are means ± SE. HOMA-IR, homeostatic model of insulin resistance; AUC, area under the curve. All variables except glucose AUC were measured in the fasted state (12 h of no food). Different letters represent significant between-group differences within time point based on ANOVA with post hoc Tukey's test.

^*Significant duration effect within group.