Fig. 4.

In vivo verapamil effects on the expression of cardiac TXNIP and markers of apoptosis and fibrosis. Mice were treated with or without verapamil (100 mg/kg po) for 3 wk and their hearts were harvested for RNA extraction (n = 4 per group) or for preparation of protein extracts (n = 3). Bars represent changes ± SE in TXNIP (A), caspase-3 (B), and collagen type 1 α2 (COL1A2) (C) mRNA expression as measured by quantitative real-time RT-PCR and corrected for 18S as well as TXNIP protein levels and cleaved caspase-3 levels corrected for β-actin (D–F). C, untreated control; V, verapamil-treated mice.