TABLE 5.
Treatment of an influenza A/Duck/MN/1525/81 (H5N1) amantadine-resistant virus infection in mice with amantadine, oseltamivir, and ribavirin used alone or in combinationa
| Compound 1 (mg/kg/day) | Compound 2 (mg/kg/day)a | No. of survivors/total no.c,d | MDD ± SDb |
|---|---|---|---|
| Amantadine (100) | 0/10 | 6.9 ± 1.1 | |
| Oseltamivir (75) | 7/10*** | 6.0 ± 0.0 | |
| Oseltamivir (25) | 5/10** | 7.2 ± 1.6 | |
| Ribavirin (75) | 10/10*** | ||
| Ribavirin (25) | 5/10** | 10.2 ± 3.0** | |
| Amantadine (100) | Oseltamivir (75) | 7/10*** | 7.3 ± 0.6 |
| Amantadine (100) | Oseltamivir (25) | 10/10***,φ,ϕ | |
| Amantadine (100) | Ribavirin (75) | 10/10*** | |
| Amantadine (100) | Ribavirin (25) | 7/10*** | 9.7 ± 1.5** |
| Oseltamivir (75) | Ribavirin (25) | 10/10*** | |
| Oseltamivir (25) | Ribavirin (75) | 10/10*** | |
| Oseltamivir (25) | Ribavirin (25) | 10/10***,φ | |
| Placebo | 1/20 | 6.4 ± 1.6 |
a
Oral treatments were given twice a day for 5 days starting 4 h prior to virus exposure. **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001, compared to placebo.
b
MDD, mean day of death of mice that died prior to day 21.
c
φ, P < 0.05, compared to either compound used alone.
d
ϕ, P < 0.05, compared to the sum of survivors from the respective groups treated with monotherapy, indicative of synergy.