TABLE 1.
Comparison of the antimicrobial activities of silver nanocomposite powder, silver nitrate, and silver zeolite
| Microorganism | Silver nanocomposite
|
Silver nitrate
|
Silver zeolite
|
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MIC (μg/ml)a | MBC or MFC (μg/ml)b | MIC (μg/ml)a | MBC or MFC (μg/ml)b | MIC (μg/ml)a | MBC or MFC (μg/ml)b | |
| Escherichia coli ATCC 2732c | 62.5 | 125 | 7.8 | 15.6 | 3.9 | 15.6 |
| Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 4352c | 62.5 | 125 | 3.9 | 7.8 | 7.8 | 31.2 |
| Pseudomonas fluorescens LME 2333d | 62.5 | 250 | 7.8 | 7.8 | 15.6 | 31.2 |
| Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis D1c | 62.5 | 250 | 3.9 | 7.8 | 15.6 | 62.5 |
| Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium DB 7155c | 62.5 | 250 | 3.9 | 15.6 | 15.6 | 31.2 |
| Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 19433e | 62.5 | 250 | 3.9 | 7.8 | 7.8 | 7.8 |
| Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579e | 250 | 500 | 31.2 | 31.2 | 62.5 | 250 |
| Listeria monocytogenes Scott Af | 500 | 1,000 | 31.2 | 31.2 | 31.2 | 62.5 |
| Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213f | 250 | 1,000 | 15.6 | 15.6 | 15.6 | 125 |
| Candida albicans ATCC 10259g | 125 | 2,000 | 31.2 | 250 | 62.5 | 250 |
| Aspergillus niger ATCC 9642h | 2,000 | NDi | 15.6 | ND | 125 | ND |
The MIC was determined at least in duplicate.
The MBC or minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) was determined at least in duplicate.
Cultured in Luria-Bertani broth (10 g/liter peptone from casein, 5 g/liter yeast extract, 10 g/liter NaCl; Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) at 37°C.
Cultured in Biotone tryptose broth (Biolife, Milan, Italy) at 30°C.
Cultured in Biotone tryptose broth (Biolife, Milan, Italy) at 37°C.
Cultured in half-strength brain heart infusion broth (Biolife, Milan, Italy) at 37°C.
Cultured in malt extract broth (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) at 37°C.
Cultured on malt extract agar (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) at 30°C. The MIC for A. niger was defined as the lowest concentration not associated with visible growth on malt extract agar after 72 h of incubation at 30°C.
ND, not determined.