ET induces maturation of MDDCs. MDDCs were pretreated with 10 μg/ml polymyxin B for 45 min and were then treated with either 100 ng/ml LPS (no pretreatment with polymyxin B), 300 μM dcAMP, 100 ng/ml PA plus 100 ng/ml EF (ET), or no treatment (NT) (A), or 50 μM forskolin, 20 ng/ml of CT, or no treatment (B). Cells were harvested 48 h after treatment and incubated with anti-DC-SIGN-FITC, anti-CD83-APC, and anti-CD86-FITC (panel A only) and then subjected to flow cytometric analysis. The data depicted represent the results for one of six independent experiments conducted on the MDDCs generated from six different donors. The histograms depict data for the unstained sample (shaded histogram), data for the stained sample (solid black line), and the geometric mean fluorescence under each treatment condition.