The activation of p38 and JNK MAPKs in human amnion U cells is enhanced by PKR. Whole-cell extracts were prepared from either uninfected (mock) or ΔE3L vaccinia virus-infected U cells at 6 h after infection and were analyzed by Western immunoblotting (with 30 μg of protein per lane) with antibodies against phospho-p38 (P-p38), p38, phospho-JNK (P-JNK), JNK, phospho-PKR (P-PKR), PKR, and α-tubulin as a loading control.