FIG. 6.

The activation of MAPKs following infection with ΔE3L vaccinia virus occurs through RLR signaling. Whole-cell extracts were prepared from parental PKR⁺ HeLa cells, either uninfected (−) or infected with ΔE3L vaccinia virus (+) for 6 h, following siRNA transient knockdown by chemically synthesized siRNAs as described in Materials and Methods. (A) Analysis of the effects of siRNAs against luciferase (Luc) as a control, IPS-1, and TRIF. (B) Analysis of the effects of siRNAs against luciferase as a control, RIG-I, mda-5, IPS-1, and PKR. Western immunoblot analyses were carried out with antibodies against phospho-p38 (P-p38), p38, phospho-JNK (P-JNK), JNK, PKR, IPS-1, TRIF, and either β-actin (A) or α-tubulin (B) as a loading control.