FIG. 4.

KSHV induces actin polymerization in HMVEC-d (A) and HUVEC (B) cells. HMVEC-d and HUVEC cells were left uninfected or infected with KSHV (MOI of 10) at 37°C for different times (', min), fixed, permeabilized, and stained for polymerized actin by using Alexa Fluor 488-labeled phalloidin for 30 min at room temperature. Red arrowheads indicate the accumulated actin stress fibers, white arrows indicate hair-like membrane filopodial extensions, and white arrowheads indicate sites of membrane ruffling. Magnification, ×40.