Table 2.

H. ducreyi mutants tested in the human challenge model.

Source	Gene	Definition	Function	No. of Subjects	Results [ref.]
Elkins	dsrA	ducreyi serum resistance A	OMP; major role in serum resistance	6	Attenuated [46]
Kawula	ncaA	necessary for collagen adherence	OMP; confers collagen binding	10	Attenuated [26]
Hansen	lspA1 lspA2	double mutant, large supernatant proteins	secreted proteins; prevent Fc-g mediated phagocytosis	6	Attenuated [24]
Spinola	pal	peptidoglycan associated lipoprotein	lipoprotein; OM stability	9	Attenuated [47]
Hansen	tadA	tight adherence protein A	type IV secretion; secretion of Flp proteins	15	Attenuated [23]
Bauer Janowicz	fgbA	putative fibrinogen binding adhesin	OMP that binds to fibrinogen in ligand blot	6	Partially Attenuated [30]
Elkins	dltA	ducreyi lectin A	OMP; partial serum resistance	7	Partially Attenuated [25]
Munson	hhdB	secretion/activation of hemolysin	lyses fibroblasts	6	Virulent [32]
Munson	losB	D-glycero-D-manno- heptosyltransferase	extends LOS beyond KDO-triheptose-glucose	5	Virulent [31]
Munson	lst	lipooligosaccharide sialyltransferase	adds sialic acid to major glycoform of LOS	5	Virulent [31]
Campagnari Munson	glu	glucosyltransferase gene	adds glucose to KDO- triheptose LOS core	5	Virulent [48]
Hansen	cdtC	cytolethal distending toxin	toxic for T cells, epithelial cells, fibroblasts	6	Virulent [33]
Hansen Munson	cdtC hhdB	double mutant, cytolethal distending toxin, hemolysin	see above	5	Virulent [33]
Kawula	sodC	superoxide dismutase C	detoxifies ROS for bacteria in phagolysosomes	6	Virulent [34]
Spinola Hansen	momp	major outer membrane protein	OmpA homologue; minor role in fibronectin binding	6	Virulent [49]
Campagnari	ompP2A ompP2B	double mutant, porin proteins	encode known classical trimeric porins	8	Virulent [27]
Spinola	ftpA	fine tangled pilus major subunit	unknown	7	Virulent [50]
Elkins	hgbA	hemoglobin binding outer membrane protein	heme/iron acquisition and transport from hemoglobin	9	Attenuated [35]
Elkins	tdX/tdhA	double mutant; ton B dependent receptors	heme uptake	6	Virulent [28]
Munson	wecA	first enzyme in the ECA biosynthetic pathway	initiates synthesis of putative ECA glycoconjugate	5	Partially Attenuated [29]