Fig. 1.

Effects of ethanol/EW on MMS. HT22 cells were exposed to control media (DMSO) or ethanol (100 mM) for 24 h. At the end of the 24 h, ethanol-containing media were replaced with control media for 4 h. Cells were collected at the end of the 24-h ethanol exposure (ethanol condition) or at 4 h of EW (EW condition). Absorbance at 540 nm was recorded for 12 min. More rapid absorbance decline indicates more severe MMS. EW provoked MMS more rapidly than control media (P < 0.001) or ethanol exposure cells (P < 0.01). Depicted are mean ± S.E.M. for n = 3/group. Some S.E.M. values were too small to be depicted.