Table 4.
Estimates of demographic parameters in the Southwest and Southeast edges of the Bantu expansions
| N1 | N2 | NA | m1 | m2 | 2N1m1 | 2N2m2 | t (years) | |
| Y chrom | ||||||||
| 10020 | 5510 | 1195 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1950 | |
| (6684–21557) | (3313–12057) | (647–2372) | (0–4 × 10-3) | (0–6 × 10-3) | (0–80.2) | (0–66.1) | (1388–2940) | |
| mtDNA | ||||||||
| A | 33212 | 31885 | 7090 | 2.6 × 10-4 | 5.5 × 10-4 | 17 | 35 | 25410 |
| (22680–44905) | (23592–46315) | (3441–16129) | (9.0 × 10-5-4.5 × 10-3) | (2.8 × 10-4-4.7 × 10-3) | (6–297) | (18–298) | (14612–39135) | |
| B | 35700 | 30558 | 7173 | 2.4 × 10-4 | 3.0 × 10-3 | 17 | 184 | 24978 |
| (24256–46066) | (23055–46315) | (3607–17041) | (5.0 × 10-5-3.9 × 10-3) | (4.5 × 10-4-4.8 × 10-3) | (4–275) | (21–296) | (13749–38319) | |
| Joint | ||||||||
| A | 6894 | 6150 | 1394 | 2 × 10-3 | 7 × 10-3 | 28 | 86 | 4133 |
| (4631–9571) | (4403–8619) | (343–2246) | (4.7 × 10-4-1.6 × 10-2) | (1.4 × 10-3-1.6 × 10-2) | (6–215) | (17–191) | (3071–13384) | |
| B | 7558 | 6274 | 1372 | 1 × 10-3 | 9 × 10-3 | 15 | 113 | 3981 |
| (5417–9929) | (4884–8578) | (933–2433) | (4.5 × 10-4-1.1 × 10-2) | (4.5 × 10-4-1.5 × 10-2) | (7–211) | (6–185) | (3147–6332) |
N1-Current effective population size in the Southwest edge; N2-Current population size in the Southeast edge; NA-Ancestral effective population size; m1-Probability of migration from Southeast to Southwest Africa, per gene copy per generation; m2-Probability of migration from Southwest to Southeast Africa, per gene copy per generation; 2N1m1-Effective number of genes migrating into Southwest Africa, per generation; 2N2m2-Effective number of genes migrating into Southeast Africa, per generation; t-time since divergence from a common ancestor. 95% credibility intervals are given in parentheses. A and B show the outcome of runs with different probability density peaks for m2.