Fig. 1.

The effect of seed vernalization treatment on flowering time of a winter barley. (A) Final leaf number (FLN), in short or long days, of non-vernalized (0) plants of a winter barley (cv. Sonja) versus plants subjected to seed vernalization treatments of different durations (1–9 weeks). NF denotes no flowering observed. (B) Days to flowering (heading) for the same treatments. (C) Images of representative shoot apices (50× magnification) from: imbibed seeds (0 seed), cold-treated seeds (9W seed), and plants at the third leaf stage in either short day or long day conditions (+SD or +LD), ∼2 weeks after the end of seed vernalization treatments of different durations (0, 5, 7, or 9 weeks). For example, 5W+SD refers to plants that were vernalized for 5 weeks in darkness then grown in short days.