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. 2009 Mar 16;58(6):1275–1282. doi: 10.2337/db08-1001

FIG. 5.

FIG. 5.

Effect of TZD treatment on in vivo glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity in Foxo1+/− mice. A: Body weights of male mice were measured at initiation of rosiglitazone treatment and every 4 weeks up to 8 weeks of age (wild-type HFD + TZD n = 8; Foxo1+/− HFD + TZD n = 10). B: Glucose tolerance testing (1 g/kg dextrose i.p.) was performed on mice after 5 weeks of combined HFD and TZD (wild-type HFD + TZD n = 8; Foxo1+/− HFD + TZD n = 10) and compared with GTT results from mice after 5 weeks of the HFD alone (wild-type HFD n = 10; Foxo1+/− HFD n = 14). Values represent mean glucose ± SE. C and D: Insulin tolerance testing (0.35 unit/kg insulin i.p.) was conducted on mice after 5 weeks of combined HFD and TZD (HFD + TZD wild type n = 8; HFD Foxo1+/− + TZD n = 10) and compared with GTT results from mice after 5 weeks of the HFD alone (HFD wild type n = 10; HFD Foxo1+/− n = 14). Results are represented as both absolute glucose values and percent glucose decrease from basal. Glucose curves from both GTT and ITT were significantly different between TZD-treated Foxo1+/− and wild-type mice (P < 0.04) and between TZD-treated Foxo1+/− mice compared with mice fed a HFD alone (P < 0.001). ○, HFD Foxo1+/−; ■, HFD wild type; ○, HFD + TZD Foxo1+/−; ■, HFD + TZD wild type. E and F: Liver gene expression studies conducted in TZD-treated Foxo1+/− mice used a programmed microarray technique to measure genes that influence both hepatic glucose production and fatty acid synthesis. Relative mRNA values are reported as means ± SE. *P < 0.05. AU, arbitrary units. ■, FD + TZD wild type; ▨, HFD + TZD Foxo1+/−.