TABLE 5.

Association of exposure to the Dutch famine during specific 10-wk periods of gestation with adult lipid profile among fasting men and women examined between 2003 and 2005¹

	Exposed week 31 to delivery (n = 126)		Exposed weeks 21–30 (n = 141)		Exposed weeks 11–20 (n = 125)		Exposed weeks 1–10 (n = 71)
	Estimate	95% CI	Estimate	95% CI	Estimate	95% CI	Estimate	95% CI	P2
TC (mmol/L)	0.02	−0.18, 0.22	−0.18	−0.38, 0.02	0.15	−0.06, 0.36	0.17	−0.08, 0.43	0.11
HDL cholesterol (mmol/L)	0.04	−0.04, 0.12	−0.01	−0.09, 0.07	−0.005	−0.09, 0.08	−0.03	−0.13, 0.07	0.82
Triglycerides (mmol/L)	0.12	−0.08, 0.31	0.07	−0.13, 0.26	−0.02	−0.22, 0.18	0.27	0.02, 0.51	0.19
Non-HDL cholesterol (mmol/L)	−0.03	−0.24, 0.18	−0.15	−0.36, 0.06	0.15	−0.06, 0.37	0.20	−0.07, 0.46	0.11
LDL cholesterol (mmol/L)	−0.04	−0.23, 0.14	−0.17	−0.35, 0.02	0.12	−0.07, 0.31	0.11	−0.12, 0.34	0.14
TC:HDL cholesterol	−0.15	−0.42, 0.11	−0.16	−0.42, 0.11	0.18	−0.10, 0.46	0.14	−0.19, 0.48	0.15
LDL:HDL cholesterol	−0.13	−0.32, 0.06	−0.09	−0.28, 0.10	0.05	−0.15, 0.24	0.09	−0.15, 0.32	0.26

¹TC, total cholesterol. Values represent differences from unexposed control subjects (294 hospital controls and 308 sibling controls). Estimates were obtained by linear regression with adjustment for individuals exposed in each specific 10-wk period, age (linear and quadratic terms), sex, cholesterol medication, and clustering within sibships. Tests for heterogeneity by sex were P = 0.03 for TC:HDL cholesterol and P ≥ 0.07 for all other outcomes.

²Overall test of association for the 4 periods of exposure considered as a group (Wald test, 4 df).