Table 3.
Sensitivity analyses to identify explanatory variables for associations between race/ethnicity and patient-experience outcomes†
| Model | Self-reported race/ethnicity ‡ | Odds ratio for complete satisfaction with health care provided in IMPACT (95% CI) |
Odds ratio for complete confidence in IMPACT provider (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| * | * | ||
| Unadjusted models | Hispanic | 2.83 (1.43 – 5.57) | 2.07 (1.14 -3.75) |
| (Appendix 2, Models 2.1 and 2.2) | African-American | 1.59 (0.66 – 3.82) | 1.27 (0.58– 2.76) |
| Other race/ethnicity | 0.66 (0.22 – 2.00) | 0.73( 0.24- 2.16) | |
| Fully-adjusted models a | Hispanic | 5.15 (1.17-22.5) | 0.83 (0.29-2.37) |
| (Appendix 2, Models 2.3 and 2.4) | African-American | 1.54 (0.51-4.62) | 0.85 (0.34-2.14) |
| Other race/ethnicity | 0.60 (0.16-2.22) | 0.61 (0.17-2.13) | |
|
Models evaluating classes of
explanatory or intervening variables |
|||
|
Adjusting only for predisposing variables included in fully-adjusted models b |
Hispanic | 3.22 (0.80 – 12.9) | 0.73 (0.26– 2.06) |
| (Appendix 2, Models 2.5 and 2.6) | African-American | 1.07 (0.40 – 2.85) | 0.76 (0.31- 1.87) |
| Other race/ethnicity | 0.48 (0.14 – 1.67) | 0.57 (0.16- 1.98) | |
| * | |||
|
Adjusting only for enabling variables included in fully-adjusted models c |
Hispanic | 2.68 (1.35 – 5.34) | N/A |
| (Appendix 2, Model 2.7) | African-American | 1.51 (0.62 – 3.66) | N/A |
| Other race/ethnicity | 0.66 (0.22 – 2.00) | N/A | |
| * | * | ||
|
Adjusting only for need-related variables included in fully-adjusted models d |
Hispanic | 3.50 (1.69 – 7.24) | 2.15 (1.16- 3.97) |
| (Appendix 2, Models 2.8 and 2.9) | African-American | 2.23 (0.85 – 5.86) | 1.39 (0.61- 3.14) |
| Other race/ethnicity | 0.74 (0.23 – 2.41) | 0.76 (0.25- 2.32) | |
|
Models evaluating specific (individual) explanatory variables § |
|||
| Adjusting only for educational | Hispanic | 2.06 (0.94– 4.48) | 1.41 (0.71 -2.80) |
| attainment | |||
| (Appendix 2, Models 2.12 and 2.13) | African-American | 1.33 (0.53 – 3.31) | 1.01 (0.45- 2.28) |
| Other race/ethnicity | 0.65 (0.21-1.99) | 0.70 (0.23- 2.12) | |
|
Adjusting only for language
preference |
Hispanic | 3.24 (0.86 – 12.1) | 0.86 (0.34- 2.18) |
| (Appendix 2, Models 2.14 and 2.15) | African-American | 1.59 (0.66 – 3.82) | 1.27 (0.58- 2.76) |
| Other race/ethnicity | 0.66 (0.22 – 2.00) | 0.72 (.0.24- 2.16) | |
| * | |||
|
Adjusting only for partnership
status |
Hispanic | 2.66 (1.32 – 5.35) | 1.79 (0.96- 3.31) |
| (Appendix 2, Models 2.16 and 2.17) | African-American | 1.55 (0.64 – 3.73) | 1.19 (0.54- 2.62) |
| Other race/ethnicity | 0.64 (0.21 – 1.95) | 0.67 (0.22– 2.02) | |
| * | |||
|
Adjusting only for number of
dependents |
Hispanic | 2.60 (1.30 – 5.23) | 1.76 (0.95- 3.25) |
| (Appendix 2, Models 2.18 and 2.19) | African-American | 1.63 (0.67 – 3.94) | 1.32 (0.60- 2.91) |
| Other race/ethnicity | 0.64 (0.21 – 1.96) | 0.65 (0.21- 2.00) | |
| * | |||
| Adjusting only for spirituality | Hispanic | 2.63 (1.31 – 5.27) | 1.78 (0.96- 3.30) |
| (Appendix 2, Models 2.20 and 2.21) | African-American | 1.50 (0.62 – 3.64) | 1.12 (0.51- 2.47) |
| Other race/ethnicity | 0.61 (0.20 – 1.88) | 0.62 (0.20- 1.87) | |
| * | |||
| Adjusting only for self-efficacy | Hispanic | 2.17 (1.08 – 4.39) | 1.55 (0.83- 2.93) |
| (Appendix 2, Models 2.22 and 2.23) | African-American | 1.23 (0.39 – 4.05) | 0.91 (0.40- 2.07) |
| Other race/ethnicity | 0.58 (0.18 – 1.86) | 0.65 (0.20- 2.06) |
satisfaction model adjusts for age at enrollment, educational attainment, language preference, partnership status, number of dependants, spirituality, self-efficacy, travel distance, extent of cancer, Charlson comorbidity index score, general mental health status, and cancer-related symptoms and distress (each of these variables was at least marginally associated (p<0.30) with satisfaction in bivariate analyses); confidence model adjusts for age at enrollment, educational attainment, language preference, partnership status, number of dependants, spirituality, self-efficacy, general mental health status, and cancer-related symptoms and distress (each of these variables was at least marginally associated (p<0.30) with confidence in bivariate analyses)
satisfaction model adjusts for age at enrollment, educational attainment, language preference, partnership status, number of dependants, spirituality, and self-efficacy; confidence model adjusts for age at enrollment, educational attainment, language preference, partnership status, number of dependants, spirituality, self-efficacy
satisfaction model adjusts for travel distance; confidence model: no enabling variables were marginally associated (p<0.30) with confidence in bivariate analyses
satisfaction model adjusts for extent of cancer, Charlson comorbidity index score, general mental health status, and cancer-related symptoms and distress; confidence model adjusts for general mental health status, and cancer-related symptoms and distress
Results for explanatory variables are presented in bold font.
Reference group = non-Hispanic, whites
When adjustment for an individual variable rendered the association with race/ethnicity non-statistically significant, we defined that variable as an explanatory variable for the association between race/ethnicity and the outcome variable (either satisfaction or confidence). Results for potential explanatory variables are presented in bold font. Data for models adjusting only for age (Appendix 2, Models 2.10 and 2.11) not shown
p< 0.05 for association between race/ethnicity and outcome variable, adjusting for all other variables in a given model (i.e., p-value for the type III race effect)