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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 May 18.
Published in final edited form as: Pain. 2007 May 4;134(1-2):91–96. doi: 10.1016/j.pain.2007.03.035

Table 1.

Demographic information, means (SD) and effect sizes for cardiovascular and psychological measures by ethnicity

Variable African Americans (n = 26) Whites (n = 27) Effect size
Age (SD) 22.0 (2.3) 24.6 (7.9) .44
Sex (% female) 51.7 57.7
BMI (SD) 23.4 (5.4) 23.1 (2.6) .07
Systolic blood pressure 108.3 (10.1) 108.7 (8.4) .01
Diastolic blood pressure 62.1 (7.6) 61.2 (6.9) .06
Heart rate 67.3 (11.3) 64.6 (9.4) .28
VAMS Positive Mood 168.9 (66.7) 165.8 (64.9) .05
VAMS Negative Mood 40.5 (56.7) 22.7 (24.7) .41
FRID Negative Expectancies 5.7 (1.9) 5.1 (1.5) .35
FRID Efficacy and Control Beliefs 11.5 (1.9) 12.5 (2.0) .51
FRID Psychological Involvement 11.9 (2.0) 12.1 (2.1) .10
PCS Rumination 3.6 (3.3) 3.3 (3.1) .09
PCS Magnification 1.4 (1.8) 1.4 (1.4) 0
PCS Helplessness 2.9 (3.5) 2.3 (2.8) .19
PCS total 7.9 (7.4) 7.0 (5.8) .14
Kohn Reactivity Scale 68.2 (15.4) 66.0 (9.6) .17

VAMS, Visual Analogue Mood Scale; PCS, Pain Coping Scale.

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