Figure 2 Greater activation in the hippocampus and parahippocampal gyrus in HIV+ vs HIV− women during recognition of unique words (experimental condition) minus repeated recognition of the same two words (control condition)

Results of primary region of interest analyses. Hippocampal and parahippocampal regions where HIV+ women showed significant (p < 0.05) increases in activation compared to HIV− women, including (A) glass brain sagittal, coronal, and axial projections centered on cluster with threshold at Talairach coordinates (28, −20, −7); (B) left hemisphere blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signal superimposed on single subject fMRI template at Talairach coordinates (28, −20, −7) at crosshairs; (C) BOLD signal superimposed on single subject fMRI template at Talairach coordinates (−20, −31, −3) at crosshairs; and (D) right hemisphere BOLD signal superimposed on single subject fMRI template at Talairach coordinates (−32, −12, −15) at crosshairs (see also figure e-1 where lower two scatterplots depict the functional significance of this activation). R = right hemisphere; L = left hemisphere.