Figure 2.

Oral and esophageal pathology after chronic treatment of BALB/c mice with anti-TGF-β. Representative images are shown of H&E-stained sections of tongue (A–D), esophageal (E–H), and dental tissues (I–L) from BALB/c mice treated with 50 mg/kg of anti-TGF-β or control mAb three times a week for 12 weeks. Tissues were prepared and stained as described in the Materials and Methods. A, E, I: Tissue sections from control mAb-treated mice. B–D: Tongue section from mice treated with anti-TGF-β. B: Epithelial cysts of differing sizes were often present within the skeletal muscle of the tongue (arrow). C: Epithelial cysts in the tongue were lined by stratified squamous epithelium and contained keratin (arrow). D: Glossal inflammation consisted primarily of lymphocytes and macrophages in the submucosa (arrow). F–H: Esophageal sections from mice treated with anti-TGF-β. F: Rare cysts lined by stratified squamous epithelium and containing keratin (arrow) were present within the submucosa of the esophagus. G: Inflammatory infiltrates within the submucosa of the esophagus consisted primarily of lymphocytes and macrophages (arrow). H: Mild epithelial hyperplasia is present within the esophageal mucosa, and a dense inflammatory infiltrate is present within the superficial submucosa (arrow). J–L: Gingival/dental sections from mice treated with anti-TGF-β. J: Hyperplasia of the gingival-attaching epithelium was present (arrow). K: Rare pustules (arrow) containing necrotic cells and neutrophils were present within the hyperplastic gingival epithelium. L: The dentin (arrow) and enamel space exhibited a loss of normal smooth contour, consistent with dental dysplasia. Magnification is indicated within each image.