Table 3.
Hyperuricemia and the Development of Hypertension.*
| Study | No. of Patients | Relative Risk of Hypertension | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kaiser Permanente, 199053 | 2062 adults | 2.1 times greater at 6 yr (high vs. low quintile) | 1.20–3.98 |
| University of Utah, 199144 | 1482 adults | 1.44 times greater per SD increment at 7 yr | 1.03–2.01 |
| Olivetti Heart, 199446 | 619 men | 1.23 times greater per 1 mg/dl increase at 12 yr | 1.07–1.39 |
| CARDIA, 199942 | 5115 men | 1.21 times greater per SD increment at 10 yr | 1.03–1.41 |
| Osaka Health Survey, 200156 | 6356 men | 2 times greater at 10 yr (high vs. low quintile) | 1.56–2.60 |
| Hawaii–Los Angeles–Hiroshima, 200145 | 140 men | 2.0 times greater at 15 yr (high vs. low quartile) | 1.02–3.9 |
| Osaka Factory, 200348 | 433 men | 1.0 mg/dl, increased 27 mm Hg SBP at 5 yr | Not calculated |
| Osaka Health Survey, 200351 | 2310 men | 1.13 times greater per SD increment at 6 yr | 1.06–1.21 |
| Okinawa, 200450 | 4489 adults | 1.46 times greater for men (uric acid ≥7 mg/dl) and1.94 for women (uric acid ≥6 mg/dl) at 13yr | 1.09–2.03 1.05–3.57 |
| Bogalusa Heart, 200541 | 679 children | Increased risk for diastolic hypertension at 11 yr | Not calculated |
| Framingham Heart, 200555 | 3329 adults | 1.17 times greater per SD increment at 4 yr | 1.02–1.33 |
| Normative Aging, 200652 | 2062 men | 125 times greater at 21 yr (uric acid >6.5 mg/dl) | 1.08–1.34 |
| ARIC, 200649 | 9104 adults | 1.1 times greater per SD increment at 9 yr | 1.02–1.14 |
| Beaver Dam Health Survey, 200654 | 2520 adults | 1.65 times greater at 10 yr (high vs. low quintile) | 1.41–1.93 |
| Health Professionals’ Follow-up, 200643 | 750 men | 1.02 times greater per SD increment at 8 yr | 0.92–1.13 |
| MRFIT, 200747 | 3073 men | 1.1 times greater per SD increment at 6 yr | 1.02–1.19 |
*
To convert the values for uric acid to micromoles per liter, multiply by 59.48. ARIC denotes Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities, CARDIA Coronary Artery Risk Development in (Young) Adults, MRFIT Multiple Risk Factors Intervention Trial, and SBP systolic blood pressure.