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. 2009 Jun 1;4(6):e5757. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0005757

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Yang et al.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.

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Mice were pre-treated with either CDDO-MA or control diet 7 days before acute (MPTP 10 mg/kg, i.p. 3 doses every 2 hours in one day) and chronic (MPTP 40 mg/kg, for 28 day through continuous subcutaneous infusion using mini-osmotic pumps) MPTP treatment. Control animals received identical volumes of PBS. A Photomicrographs of TH-immunostained sections through the SNpc of mice on acute MPTP show a significant reduction in TH-positive neurons of SNpc. CDDO-MA treatment significantly blocked MPTP-induced loss of TH-positive neurons. B. Consistent with TH-immunostaining of SNpc, stereologic cell counts of total (Nissl-positive) and TH-immunopositive neurons of SNpc showed a significant loss following MPTP administration which was significantly attenuated by CDDO-MA treatment. C. Photomicrographs of TH-immunostained sections through the SNpc of mice on chronic MPTP show a significant reduction in TH-positive neurons of SNpc. CDDO-MA treatment significantly blocked MPTP-induced loss of TH-positive neurons. D. Consistent with TH-immunostaining of SNpc, stereologic cell counts of total (Nissl-positive) and TH-immunopositive neurons of SNpc showed a significant loss following MPTP administration which was significantly attenuated by CDDO-MA treatment. n = 10 mice per group. ^# p<0.05 compared to control diet alone; *P<0.05 when compared with the control diets with MPTP group. E. Photomicrographs of malondialdehyde (MDA)-immunostained sections through the SNpc of mice on chronic MPTP show a significant increase of MDA staining in SNpc of MPTP treated animals. CDDO-MA treatment resulted in a marked reduction of MPTP-induced MDA formation. Representative image from n = 5 mice in each group. F. Photomicrographs of α-synuclein stained sections through the SNpc of mice on chronic MPTP show a significant increase of α-synuclein accumulation in SNpc of MPTP treated animals. CDDO-MA treatment resulted in a significant reduction of MPTP-induced α-synuclein accumulation in SNpc neurons. High magnification inserts show the α-synuclein staining in neurons. Representative image from n = 5 mice in each group.