Table 2.

Comparison of the actual microirradiation parameters used for our studies and others [1] our UVA/BrdU, [2] (49), [3] (23,25), [4] (13,29), [5] our UVA, [6] (48), [7] our ns green (38), [8] (34), [9] our ps green, [10] (33), [11] our NIR

Parameters	[1]	[2]	[3]	[4]	[5]	[6]	[7]	[8]	[9]	[10]	[11]
	ns N2 UVA/ BrDU	ns N2 UVA/BrDU	ns N2 UVA/ BrdU or IdU	ns N2-dye UVA/Hoechst	ns N2 UVA	ns N2-dye UVA	ns Nd:YAG green	ns Nd:YAG green	ps Nd:YVO4 green	fs Ti: sapphire NIR	fs Ti: sapphire NIR
Wavelength	337 nm	337 nm	337 nm	390 nm	337 nm	365 nm	532 nm	532 nm	532 nm	800 nm	800 nm
Pulse width	4 ns	4 ns	3 ns	4 ns	4 ns	4 ns	6 ns	7 ns	12 ps	200 fs	200 fs
Energy/pulse	0.04 μJ	0.008 μJa	0.15 μJb	0.25 μJ	0.27 μJ	0.20 μJ	0.32 μJ	0.4 μJ	0.19 nJc	0.13 nJ	0.72 nJ
Repetition rate	6 Hz	6 Hz	30 Hz	∼10 Hz	6 Hz	10 Hz	10 Hz	10 Hz	76 MHz, 30 ms	76 MHz	76 MHz, 10 ms
M.O. parameters	40×/1.3NA	63×/1.25NA	40×/0.6NA	63×/1.4NA	40×/1.3NA	63×/1.4NA	100×/1.3NA	100×/1.3NA	63×/1.4 NA	63×/1.4 NA	63×/1.4NA
Diffraction limited  spot size	316 nm	329 nm	685 nmd	340 nm	316 nm	318 nm	499 nm	499 nm	464 nm	697 nm	697 nm
Peak irradiance (W/cm2)	0.13 × 1011	0.24 × 1010a	0.14 × 1011	0.69 × 1011	0.89 × 1011	0.66 × 1011	0.27 × 1011	0.29 × 1011	0.95 × 1010c	0.17 × 1012	0.93 × 1012
Number of pulses/spot	1	1	1	1	1	1	85	10	2280000	∼502769 (86/13 = 6.6 ms)	760000
Focused laser-scanned  area (μm2)	2.2	3.1	4.8	∼2.4	2.2	∼2.2	3.5	∼3.5	3.5	4.9	4.9
Total energy delivered (μJ) = energy/pulse × no. of pulses per spot × no. of spots in the area	0.04 μJ  × 1 × 20  = 0.8	0.008 μJ  × 30  = 0.24a	0.15 μJ × 15  = 2.25b	∼0.25 μJ × 1  × 14 = 3.5	0.27 μJ × 1  × 20 = 5.4	∼0.20 μJ × 1  × 20 = 4.0	0.32 μJ  × 85 × 14  = 380	0.4 μJ × 10  × 14 = 56	0.19 nJ  × 2280000  × 24 = 10397c	0.13 nJ × 502769  × 13 = 849.68	0.72 nJ × 760000  × 12 = 6566

^aTransmission of objective was taken as 0.1, leading to under-estimation of the actual values.

^bAccording to Vogel et al. (50), threshold for stained sample = 0.15 μJ.

^cFor average power of 21 mW.

^dActual size is six times larger ∼4.2 μm (50).